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<p>Solidification experiments were performed to explore the effect of trace amount of micro-alloying element Sn on the solidification microstructure of Al-Bi monotectic alloy. Bi-rich particles are refined by the addition of micro-alloying element Sn. The refining effect increases first and then almost keeps unchanged with the Sn addition level. An analytical model is proposed to determine the interfacial energy <i>γ</i><sub>L1/L2</sub> between the Al-rich melt (L<sub>1</sub> phase) and Bi-rich liquid droplets (L<sub>2</sub> phase) in an Al-Bi monotectic alloy melt with the addition of micro-alloying element Sn based on Gibbs absorption isotherm. Calculation results demonstrate that the micro-alloying element Sn shows a strong segregation potency to the interface between the two liquid phases and decreases <i>γ</i><sub>L1/L2</sub>. The variation in <i>γ</i><sub>L1/L2</sub> with the Sn addition level shows a similar tendency as the average size of Bi-rich particles. The critical Sn amount to refine the Bi-rich liquid droplets formed during the liquid–liquid phase transformation is determined.</p>

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Effect of trace Sn content on solidification microstructure of Al-Bi monotectic alloys

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Bing Gao,
  • Lili Zhang,
  • Hongxiang Jiang,
  • Jiuzhou Zhao,
  • Jie He

摘要

Solidification experiments were performed to explore the effect of trace amount of micro-alloying element Sn on the solidification microstructure of Al-Bi monotectic alloy. Bi-rich particles are refined by the addition of micro-alloying element Sn. The refining effect increases first and then almost keeps unchanged with the Sn addition level. An analytical model is proposed to determine the interfacial energy γL1/L2 between the Al-rich melt (L1 phase) and Bi-rich liquid droplets (L2 phase) in an Al-Bi monotectic alloy melt with the addition of micro-alloying element Sn based on Gibbs absorption isotherm. Calculation results demonstrate that the micro-alloying element Sn shows a strong segregation potency to the interface between the two liquid phases and decreases γL1/L2. The variation in γL1/L2 with the Sn addition level shows a similar tendency as the average size of Bi-rich particles. The critical Sn amount to refine the Bi-rich liquid droplets formed during the liquid–liquid phase transformation is determined.