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<p>Superalloys serve as critical materials in extreme high-temperature environments such as aero-engines, industrial gas turbines, and the stability of their properties directly determines service life. However, the continuous improvement of creep resistance, microstructure stability and oxidation resistance faces serious challenges. Although rhenium significantly strengthens alloys, excessive addition induces the precipitation of harmful topological close-packed (TCP) phases, and the high cost limits its wide application. Therefore, in-depth analysis of Re’s mechanism and exploration of efficient utilization strategies are crucial for the development of high-performance and low-cost superalloys. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress on the mechanism of Re in superalloys over the past 5&#xa0;years, focusing on its distribution behavior, influence on microstructure, multi-scale strengthening mechanism (solid solution, interfacial pinning, and&#xa0;diffusion inhibition), and interaction with elements including Ru, W and Ta. Nevertheless, the influence of Re on <i>γ</i>’ phase coarsening and stacking fault energy (SFE) is still controversial, and its high cost drives the exploration of alternative elements. In the future, in-situ characterization and multi-scale calculations including machine learning are required to thoroughly analyze the mechanism and optimize alloy design.</p>

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Review: the mechanism of rhenium in superalloys

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月23日

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  • Dongxu Kou,
  • Liwu Jiang,
  • Chengbo Xiao,
  • Yongwang Kang,
  • Jinxia Song,
  • Xintian Wang,
  • Ming Li

摘要

Superalloys serve as critical materials in extreme high-temperature environments such as aero-engines, industrial gas turbines, and the stability of their properties directly determines service life. However, the continuous improvement of creep resistance, microstructure stability and oxidation resistance faces serious challenges. Although rhenium significantly strengthens alloys, excessive addition induces the precipitation of harmful topological close-packed (TCP) phases, and the high cost limits its wide application. Therefore, in-depth analysis of Re’s mechanism and exploration of efficient utilization strategies are crucial for the development of high-performance and low-cost superalloys. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress on the mechanism of Re in superalloys over the past 5 years, focusing on its distribution behavior, influence on microstructure, multi-scale strengthening mechanism (solid solution, interfacial pinning, and diffusion inhibition), and interaction with elements including Ru, W and Ta. Nevertheless, the influence of Re on γ’ phase coarsening and stacking fault energy (SFE) is still controversial, and its high cost drives the exploration of alternative elements. In the future, in-situ characterization and multi-scale calculations including machine learning are required to thoroughly analyze the mechanism and optimize alloy design.