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<p>This paper explores the mechanisms governing the microstructural evolution of Al–Mg–Sc alloy during friction stir processing (FSP) by employing the ‘stop action technique’. It specifically focuses on the recrystallization mechanisms at different positions around the probe and their impacts on second-phase particles. The results reveal that grain refinement primarily occurs in a zone approximately 40&#xa0;μm ahead of the probe’s advancing path, where the grain sizes are reduced to 0.5–1&#xa0;μm. This refinement is mainly ascribed to continuous dynamic recrystallization. After the refinement ahead of the probe, the grains continue to develop and undergo metastable dynamic recrystallization behind the probe due to the friction heat and slight strain, leading to an increase in grain size beyond 2&#xa0;μm. Nevertheless, the excessive growth of these grains is inhibited by the pinning effect of nano-sized Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr) particles. The coarse primary second-phase particles (Al<sub>6</sub>Mn, Al<sub>3</sub>Mg<sub>2</sub>, and primary Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr)) present in the as-cast specimen are fragmented by FSP. After FSP, some nano-sized Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr) particles show an increase in size and a change in morphology, losing coherence with the Al matrix. The Al–Mg–Sc alloy processed by FSP exhibits an enhancement in strength and an improvement in elongation.</p>

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Study on microstructure evolution of an Al–Mg–Sc alloy during friction stir processing using the stop action technique

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Menghan Zhang,
  • Xianhua Chen,
  • Jianyu Cui,
  • Jingyu Jiang

摘要

This paper explores the mechanisms governing the microstructural evolution of Al–Mg–Sc alloy during friction stir processing (FSP) by employing the ‘stop action technique’. It specifically focuses on the recrystallization mechanisms at different positions around the probe and their impacts on second-phase particles. The results reveal that grain refinement primarily occurs in a zone approximately 40 μm ahead of the probe’s advancing path, where the grain sizes are reduced to 0.5–1 μm. This refinement is mainly ascribed to continuous dynamic recrystallization. After the refinement ahead of the probe, the grains continue to develop and undergo metastable dynamic recrystallization behind the probe due to the friction heat and slight strain, leading to an increase in grain size beyond 2 μm. Nevertheless, the excessive growth of these grains is inhibited by the pinning effect of nano-sized Al3(Sc, Zr) particles. The coarse primary second-phase particles (Al6Mn, Al3Mg2, and primary Al3(Sc, Zr)) present in the as-cast specimen are fragmented by FSP. After FSP, some nano-sized Al3(Sc, Zr) particles show an increase in size and a change in morphology, losing coherence with the Al matrix. The Al–Mg–Sc alloy processed by FSP exhibits an enhancement in strength and an improvement in elongation.