Creep behaviour of additively manufactured nickel-based superalloys: a review
摘要
Additive manufacturing (AM) of nickel-based superalloys has been widely researched for its immense potential in the aerospace industry for producing near-net complex geometries for elevated temperature applications. This review critically examines the microstructural evolution during the different AM processes and its impact on creep deformation behaviour. Critical insights drawn from various AM Ni-base superalloys IN718, IN625, IN738LC, CM247LC, and CMSX-4 are presented to establish common trends and distinct behaviour vis-à-vis cast/wrought counterparts. The intrinsic microstructural features developed during the AM process, such as columnar grain morphology, strong < 001 > crystallographic texture, chemical and crystal microsegregation, and fine cellular dislocation networks, result in a creep behaviour deviating from the conventionally processed counterparts. Despite promising creep resistance in vertical build specimens, the precipitation hardenable Ni-base superalloys exhibit a strong orientation dependence, with several AM microstructural features contributing to the creep anisotropy. A critical understanding from this review can be translated into tailoring AM processes and post-processing strategies to enhance the creep resistance in additively manufactured Ni-base superalloys.