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<p>Nowadays, photothermal therapy (PTT) has garnered significant attention as an innovative therapeutic strategy in the biomedical field. PTT enables precise cancer cell ablation through a highly efficient photothermal conversion process, where near-infrared (NIR) light is selectively absorbed by specialized materials to generate localized thermal energy, thereby achieving targeted cellular destruction while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Metal-based materials, including metal ions, metal compounds, liquid metal (LM) and metal–organic framework, have highly emerged as promising candidates for PTT due to their superior photothermal performance. This review systematically examines the diverse applications and recent advancements of metal materials in PTT, highlighting their immense potential and future directions in biomedicine. Continuous technological innovation and material design optimization are expected to enhance the role of metal materials in cancer treatment, antibacterial applications and tissue repair, offering new solutions for the biomedical field. The rapid advancement of nanotechnology, particularly its integration into biomedicine, has provided robust technical support for the development of PTT. This review comprehensively discusses the substantial potential of these materials in achieving multifunctional synergy and long-term efficacy in cancer therapy. Through material optimization, the development of smart responsive mechanisms and improved biosafety strategies, further research into surface interface regulation mechanisms and material systems is expected to open new avenues for the clinical translation of PTT in cancer treatment.</p>

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Review: Advances and applications of metal-based nanomaterials in photothermal therapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Guoyu Wu,
  • Yunqing Zhang,
  • Huina Zhu,
  • Weimin Gao,
  • Jingjing Liu,
  • Shuwang Duo

摘要

Nowadays, photothermal therapy (PTT) has garnered significant attention as an innovative therapeutic strategy in the biomedical field. PTT enables precise cancer cell ablation through a highly efficient photothermal conversion process, where near-infrared (NIR) light is selectively absorbed by specialized materials to generate localized thermal energy, thereby achieving targeted cellular destruction while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Metal-based materials, including metal ions, metal compounds, liquid metal (LM) and metal–organic framework, have highly emerged as promising candidates for PTT due to their superior photothermal performance. This review systematically examines the diverse applications and recent advancements of metal materials in PTT, highlighting their immense potential and future directions in biomedicine. Continuous technological innovation and material design optimization are expected to enhance the role of metal materials in cancer treatment, antibacterial applications and tissue repair, offering new solutions for the biomedical field. The rapid advancement of nanotechnology, particularly its integration into biomedicine, has provided robust technical support for the development of PTT. This review comprehensively discusses the substantial potential of these materials in achieving multifunctional synergy and long-term efficacy in cancer therapy. Through material optimization, the development of smart responsive mechanisms and improved biosafety strategies, further research into surface interface regulation mechanisms and material systems is expected to open new avenues for the clinical translation of PTT in cancer treatment.