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<p>In this study, vacuum arc melting was employed to investigate the effect of different Cu content on microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of Cu–Fe alloys, revealing the underlying correlation between composition-structure-properties-fracture behavior. The results of this study show that as the Cu content increases, the alloy’s microstructure sequentially experiences three stages: solid solution, precipitation of a Cu-rich network through spinodal decomposition, and liquid phase separation forming Fe–rich dendrites. In the low Cu content range, solid solution strengthening causes the tensile strength to reach a peak of 1042&#xa0;MPa, but the precipitation of the Cu-rich network leads to stress concentration, thereby promoting intergranular brittle fracture, and the strength decreases significantly to 429&#xa0;MPa. At medium Cu content, the Fe–rich dendrites formed by liquid phase separation slightly increase the strength through Orowan strengthening, but the increase in dendrite size and reduced interface bond strength intensify the tendency for brittle fracture. At high Cu content, as the Cu content increases, the Fe–rich dendrites reduce in size and become more unevenly distributed. During tensile deformation, cracks initiate in the Cu-rich regions. When these cracks reach the Fe–rich dendrites, crack deflection occurs, promoting further crack initiation and propagation within the Cu-rich regions. The fracture mechanism shifts to ductile fracture, resulting in a significant increase in elongation.</p>

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Effect of Cu content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu–Fe alloys: study on tensile fracture behavior

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月7日

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  • Qun Ma,
  • Zhekai Huang,
  • Li Cui,
  • Zhen Tan,
  • Dingyong He,
  • Shuhan Yang

摘要

In this study, vacuum arc melting was employed to investigate the effect of different Cu content on microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of Cu–Fe alloys, revealing the underlying correlation between composition-structure-properties-fracture behavior. The results of this study show that as the Cu content increases, the alloy’s microstructure sequentially experiences three stages: solid solution, precipitation of a Cu-rich network through spinodal decomposition, and liquid phase separation forming Fe–rich dendrites. In the low Cu content range, solid solution strengthening causes the tensile strength to reach a peak of 1042 MPa, but the precipitation of the Cu-rich network leads to stress concentration, thereby promoting intergranular brittle fracture, and the strength decreases significantly to 429 MPa. At medium Cu content, the Fe–rich dendrites formed by liquid phase separation slightly increase the strength through Orowan strengthening, but the increase in dendrite size and reduced interface bond strength intensify the tendency for brittle fracture. At high Cu content, as the Cu content increases, the Fe–rich dendrites reduce in size and become more unevenly distributed. During tensile deformation, cracks initiate in the Cu-rich regions. When these cracks reach the Fe–rich dendrites, crack deflection occurs, promoting further crack initiation and propagation within the Cu-rich regions. The fracture mechanism shifts to ductile fracture, resulting in a significant increase in elongation.