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<p>Vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>(B)) shows great potential as a cathode in aqueous Zn ion batteries (AZIBs) on account of the special tunneling structure and considerably high theoretical capacity. However, disadvantages such as rapid capacity decay and low conductivity limit its utilization in the field of electrode materials. In this work, the influences of Mn doping and annealing on the electrochemical characteristics of VO<sub>2</sub>-nanorods cathode were explored. Research results indicate that the specific capacity of MnVO<sub>2</sub> increases by 45.4% compared to that of pure-phase VO<sub>2</sub> at 0.1&#xa0;A&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>. This pronounced improvement clearly indicates that manganese ion doping can effectively enhance the performance of the batteries. This is attributed to the introduction of defects in the VO<sub>2</sub> structure by Mn doping, which changes the ionic bonding and electronic properties of VO<sub>2</sub> materials, resulting in reduced charge transfer resistance, improved carrier diffusion coefficients and enhanced lattice stability of the nano-VO<sub>2</sub>(B) electrode. Meanwhile, annealing reduces the crystalline water content, leading to a decline in ionic conductivity. Compared with MnVO<sub>2</sub>, the charge transfer resistance (<i>R</i><sub>ct</sub>) of annealed A-MnVO<sub>2</sub> has increased by 71%. This indicates that annealing hinders ion diffusion and reduces the electrical conductivity. As a result, the MnVO<sub>2</sub> electrode achieves the highest capacity of 306.6&#xa0;mAh&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.1&#xa0;A&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>, exhibiting excellent rate performance and superior cycling stability with 97% capacity retention after 5000 cycles at 5&#xa0;A&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>. This work offers an inspiring approach for a remarkable VO<sub>2</sub>(B) cathode to boost the electrochemical performance of AZIBs.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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The effects of Mn-doping and annealing on the performance of vanadium dioxide electrode

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • Lamei Zhang,
  • Xiaohong Chen,
  • Yongqi Wu,
  • Xuezhen Zhai,
  • Xuzhe Wang,
  • Cui Shang,
  • Chengzhou Zhao,
  • Huawei Zhang,
  • Jimin Shang,
  • Dewei Liu

摘要

Vanadium dioxide (VO2(B)) shows great potential as a cathode in aqueous Zn ion batteries (AZIBs) on account of the special tunneling structure and considerably high theoretical capacity. However, disadvantages such as rapid capacity decay and low conductivity limit its utilization in the field of electrode materials. In this work, the influences of Mn doping and annealing on the electrochemical characteristics of VO2-nanorods cathode were explored. Research results indicate that the specific capacity of MnVO2 increases by 45.4% compared to that of pure-phase VO2 at 0.1 A g−1. This pronounced improvement clearly indicates that manganese ion doping can effectively enhance the performance of the batteries. This is attributed to the introduction of defects in the VO2 structure by Mn doping, which changes the ionic bonding and electronic properties of VO2 materials, resulting in reduced charge transfer resistance, improved carrier diffusion coefficients and enhanced lattice stability of the nano-VO2(B) electrode. Meanwhile, annealing reduces the crystalline water content, leading to a decline in ionic conductivity. Compared with MnVO2, the charge transfer resistance (Rct) of annealed A-MnVO2 has increased by 71%. This indicates that annealing hinders ion diffusion and reduces the electrical conductivity. As a result, the MnVO2 electrode achieves the highest capacity of 306.6 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, exhibiting excellent rate performance and superior cycling stability with 97% capacity retention after 5000 cycles at 5 A g−1. This work offers an inspiring approach for a remarkable VO2(B) cathode to boost the electrochemical performance of AZIBs.

Graphical abstract