<p>The emergence of two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXene) has attracted extensive research interest. With a unique two-dimensional layered structure, MXene has a large specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength and good stability, which make it highly promising in hydrogen storage and catalysis. It acts as a promising hydrogen storage material and improves the hydrogen storage capacity of metallic substrates, thus advancing the development of efficient and safe hydrogen storage systems. This review focuses on the structural features of MXene and clarifies their effects on hydrogen storage and catalytic performance. The preparation methods of MXene and its applications in hydrogen storage are also discussed. Moreover, the future prospects for MXene-based hydrogen storage materials are outlined, and the current bottlenecks and challenges in the development of MXene for hydrogen storage are explored. The insights from this review highlight the potential of MXene to address critical issues in hydrogen storage, such as low capacity and poor cycling stability, and provide guidance for future research to optimize synthesis processes and enhance the performance of MXene-based materials for practical applications.</p>