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<p>Cu-bearing duplex stainless steels (DSSs) with good antibacterial properties have application potential in the field of medical equipment, food processing, and kitchen appliances. However, the precipitation of Cu-rich phases, while responsible for the antimicrobial activity, compromises mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. This study demonstrates a strategy to overcome this limitation through nitrogen doping. Nitrogen addition refined the Cu-rich precipitates, transforming them from large rod-like structures to smaller, more numerous spherical ones. This microstructural modification resulted in enhanced tensile strength, ductility, and pitting corrosion resistance. Importantly, the refinement of the Cu-rich precipitated phase by N did not reduce the antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli&#xa0;(E. coli)</i> and even slightly increased it. The resulting 3Cu-N DSS exhibits a superior balance of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and antibacterial efficacy, representing a significant advancement in the design of antimicrobial stainless steels.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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The role of nitrogen in optimizing the performance of Cu-bearing duplex stainless steels

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月3日

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  • Guodong Jia,
  • Guang Ji,
  • Haiqin Ding,
  • Lingling Cui,
  • Zhouyuan Huang,
  • Xueshan Xiao

摘要

Cu-bearing duplex stainless steels (DSSs) with good antibacterial properties have application potential in the field of medical equipment, food processing, and kitchen appliances. However, the precipitation of Cu-rich phases, while responsible for the antimicrobial activity, compromises mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. This study demonstrates a strategy to overcome this limitation through nitrogen doping. Nitrogen addition refined the Cu-rich precipitates, transforming them from large rod-like structures to smaller, more numerous spherical ones. This microstructural modification resulted in enhanced tensile strength, ductility, and pitting corrosion resistance. Importantly, the refinement of the Cu-rich precipitated phase by N did not reduce the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and even slightly increased it. The resulting 3Cu-N DSS exhibits a superior balance of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and antibacterial efficacy, representing a significant advancement in the design of antimicrobial stainless steels.

Graphical Abstract