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<p>The present work aims to compare the multiferroic and magnetodielectric (<i>MD</i>) properties of BaTiO<sub>3</sub>–CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (BTC) and BaTiO<sub>3</sub>–NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (BTN) composites, both with 15&#xa0;wt.% ferrite content. The BTC, BTN, and their pristine samples (BaTiO<sub>3</sub>, CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) were prepared via the solid-state process. These composites’ microstructure, dielectric, ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and <i>MD</i> properties were investigated and compared. XRD patterns revealed the diminution of the tetragonality factor (<i>c</i><sub><i>T</i></sub><i>/a</i><sub><i>T</i></sub>) of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (BTO) system in both composites; however, the BTO’s unit cell showed an expansion in the BTC and a shrinkage in the BTN. Furthermore, the FESEM images indicated a uniform dispersion of the ferrites within the matrix, confirming the successful particulate composition of the samples. Moreover, the BTC showed higher values of the dielectric (<i>ε</i><sub><i>r</i></sub> ~ 1676 and <i>tan δ</i> ~ 0.45) and ferroelectric (<i>P</i><sub><i>S</i></sub> ~ 11.33 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> and <i>P</i><sub><i>r</i></sub> ~ 9.28 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>) properties compared to the BTN composite. In addition, higher ferromagnetic properties (<i>M</i><sub><i>S</i></sub> ~ 7.14&#xa0;emu/g and <i>H</i><sub><i>C</i></sub> ~ 377 Oe) for the BTC sample were obtained than those of the BTN composite (5&#xa0;emu/g and 112&#xa0;Oe). The multiferroicity of both BTC and BTN composites was validated due to the simultaneous observation of the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic characteristic hysteresis loops. The BTC’s <i>MD</i> coefficient was about 30% larger compared to the BTN at the applied magnetic field of 7&#xa0;kOe.</p>

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Magnetodielectric properties of BaTiO3-based multiferroic composites: a comparison between cobalt and nickel ferrites variants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月22日

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  • Ali Soleimani,
  • Mehdi Delshad Chermahini,
  • Mohammad Reza Saeri

摘要

The present work aims to compare the multiferroic and magnetodielectric (MD) properties of BaTiO3–CoFe2O4 (BTC) and BaTiO3–NiFe2O4 (BTN) composites, both with 15 wt.% ferrite content. The BTC, BTN, and their pristine samples (BaTiO3, CoFe2O4, and NiFe2O4) were prepared via the solid-state process. These composites’ microstructure, dielectric, ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and MD properties were investigated and compared. XRD patterns revealed the diminution of the tetragonality factor (cT/aT) of the BaTiO3 (BTO) system in both composites; however, the BTO’s unit cell showed an expansion in the BTC and a shrinkage in the BTN. Furthermore, the FESEM images indicated a uniform dispersion of the ferrites within the matrix, confirming the successful particulate composition of the samples. Moreover, the BTC showed higher values of the dielectric (εr ~ 1676 and tan δ ~ 0.45) and ferroelectric (PS ~ 11.33 μC/cm2 and Pr ~ 9.28 μC/cm2) properties compared to the BTN composite. In addition, higher ferromagnetic properties (MS ~ 7.14 emu/g and HC ~ 377 Oe) for the BTC sample were obtained than those of the BTN composite (5 emu/g and 112 Oe). The multiferroicity of both BTC and BTN composites was validated due to the simultaneous observation of the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic characteristic hysteresis loops. The BTC’s MD coefficient was about 30% larger compared to the BTN at the applied magnetic field of 7 kOe.