Boron oxide addition effect on the microstructure and conductivity of NaZr₂(PO₄)₃ ceramic

This study explored the impact of the incorporation of boron oxide into NASICON-type NaZr₂(PO₄)₃ compounds, focusing on their structural and electrical properties. Novel B-NaZr₂(PO₄)₃ ceramic materials were synthesized via the solid-state reaction method and sintered using both conventional and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) techniques. The findings revealed a remarkable two-order-of-magnitude increase in total electrical conductivity at 373 K with the addition of boron oxide, particularly when using SPS. The incorporation of boron oxide not only enhanced sample densification but also significantly reduced sintering temperatures, resulting in lower energy consumption and improved crystalline development. These advancements position B-NaZr₂(PO₄)₃​ as a highly promising candidate for sodium solid electrolytes, offering a combination of superior ionic conductivity and energy-efficient processing. This work highlights a novel approach to optimizing NASICON-type materials, with potential implications for advancing solid-state battery technologies.