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<p>Collaborative automation (CA), which involves humans, AI-based systems, and robots working collaboratively in a shared workspace, is increasingly utilized due to its ability to overcome the limitations of traditional automation methods. Three main subfields of collaborative automation include (1) collaborative robotics, in which cobots are utilized with spatial-visual programming, human-in-the-loop systems, and precision tasks; (2) digital management and decision optimization, which is vital for addressing disruptions; and (3) cyber-augmented systems with augmented reality and artificial intelligence, which leads to more efficient collaborations in cyber-physical systems. This study includes a systematic review and a survey of experts from academia and industry, concluding a six-year NSF-funded project on collaborative automation and AI-based augmented reality tools for future factories and the workforce. The study examines the current purposes, future progress, and benefits of collaborative automation technologies for human agents, particularly in skills sharing, training, and performance. By examining how the collaborative strengths of humans and automation are leveraged jointly, this study aims to unlock and identify future possibilities for efficient, flexible, resilient, and operationally safe cyber-collaborative production systems.</p>

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Collaborative automation in factories of the future: review and survey

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Praditya Ajidarma,
  • Shimon Y. Nof

摘要

Collaborative automation (CA), which involves humans, AI-based systems, and robots working collaboratively in a shared workspace, is increasingly utilized due to its ability to overcome the limitations of traditional automation methods. Three main subfields of collaborative automation include (1) collaborative robotics, in which cobots are utilized with spatial-visual programming, human-in-the-loop systems, and precision tasks; (2) digital management and decision optimization, which is vital for addressing disruptions; and (3) cyber-augmented systems with augmented reality and artificial intelligence, which leads to more efficient collaborations in cyber-physical systems. This study includes a systematic review and a survey of experts from academia and industry, concluding a six-year NSF-funded project on collaborative automation and AI-based augmented reality tools for future factories and the workforce. The study examines the current purposes, future progress, and benefits of collaborative automation technologies for human agents, particularly in skills sharing, training, and performance. By examining how the collaborative strengths of humans and automation are leveraged jointly, this study aims to unlock and identify future possibilities for efficient, flexible, resilient, and operationally safe cyber-collaborative production systems.