This article presents a brief synopsis followed by key concepts and keywords to give the reader an overview of the article. Following a regular Abstract and significant keywords, the “Introduction” section discusses four topics related to, and influential in iSMEs’ global competitiveness and competition. The section on “Further developments” explores the internationalization of artificial intelligence (AI) in general and also examines both the interaction and potential impact of generative AI (GEN.AI) on internationalized SMEs (iSMEs) in particular. In the “Literature review” section, the two critical topics of iSMEs’ openness to, and affordability of AI’s costs, from the perspectives of three entrepreneurship theories—Causation, Effectuation, and Bricolage—are examined. The “Discussion and implications” section follows, and the “Conclusion” section appears at the end.
