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<p>The EU-protected butterfly <i>Euphydryas aurinia</i> inhabits oligotrophic grasslands in Western and Central Europe. In the Czech Republic, only 11 colonies inhabiting 23.6&#xa0;ha were known prior to accession to the EU. Since then, targeted searches for occupied sites have increased the numbers to 97 sites/297.8&#xa0;ha as of 2021, forming three metapopulation clusters in the western part of the country. Owing to efforts to secure legal conservation status and management for the sites, most of them are legally protected, and conservation mowing is the prevailing management at present. Annual larval web numbers monitoring revealed considerably lower densities and carrying capacity than in other <i>E. aurinia</i> studies, which we interpret by more generous delimitation of site boundaries. Larger and less fluctuating sites experienced fewer extinctions than smaller, more fluctuating sites. Grazing was associated with extinction of local populations, long-term neglect excluded long-term persistence, but effects of conservation mowing were ambiguous. Connectivity was the only predictor of recolonisation. Despite tenfold fluctuations in annual web numbers and losses of some sites, total web numbers have steadily increased over the past two decades, which we attribute to the positive effect of the vegetation management. The conservation efforts have been so far satisfactory, but increasing connectivity of the metapopulations is necessary in the long term.</p>

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Two decades of monitoring and active conservation of the Marsh fritillary (Euphydryas aurinia) in the Czech Republic

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • Vaclav John,
  • Přemysl Tájek,
  • Michala Mariňáková Kopečková,
  • Petr Jiskra,
  • Kamil Zimmermann,
  • Vladimír Hula,
  • Zdenek Faltynek Fric,
  • Martin Konvicka

摘要

The EU-protected butterfly Euphydryas aurinia inhabits oligotrophic grasslands in Western and Central Europe. In the Czech Republic, only 11 colonies inhabiting 23.6 ha were known prior to accession to the EU. Since then, targeted searches for occupied sites have increased the numbers to 97 sites/297.8 ha as of 2021, forming three metapopulation clusters in the western part of the country. Owing to efforts to secure legal conservation status and management for the sites, most of them are legally protected, and conservation mowing is the prevailing management at present. Annual larval web numbers monitoring revealed considerably lower densities and carrying capacity than in other E. aurinia studies, which we interpret by more generous delimitation of site boundaries. Larger and less fluctuating sites experienced fewer extinctions than smaller, more fluctuating sites. Grazing was associated with extinction of local populations, long-term neglect excluded long-term persistence, but effects of conservation mowing were ambiguous. Connectivity was the only predictor of recolonisation. Despite tenfold fluctuations in annual web numbers and losses of some sites, total web numbers have steadily increased over the past two decades, which we attribute to the positive effect of the vegetation management. The conservation efforts have been so far satisfactory, but increasing connectivity of the metapopulations is necessary in the long term.