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Background <p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) and anemia often coexist and are both associated with increased all-cause mortality. However, the impact of anemia on clinical outcomes in patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation remains unclear.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a retrospective analysis using the TriNetX database, covering the period from January 2016 to December 2022. Patients aged 18 years or older with AF undergoing their first catheter ablation were included. We performed a comparative analysis of patients with anemia versus those without. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) (1:1) was employed based on all baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was the recurrence of AF after a three-month blanking period over a three-year follow-up.</p> Results <p>We included 28,064 patients who underwent their first catheter ablation, of whom 18,297 were males, and 9,767 were females. Among them, 2,315 males were anemic, and 1,441 females were anemic. PSM resulted in 2,033 male patients in each cohort and 1,338 female patients in each cohort. In the male group, anemia was significantly associated with a higher risk of AF recurrence (HR: 1.159, 95% CI [1.056, 1.273], <i>p</i> = 0.002), with no significant difference in the female group (HR: 1.104, 95% CI [0.985, 1.238], <i>p</i> = 0.089).</p> Conclusion <p>Our study suggests that anemia was significantly associated with a higher risk of AF recurrence in males, with no significant difference in females. In both males and females, anemia was significantly associated with increased risks of acute heart failure, bleeding, acute kidney injury, hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Impact of anemia prior to catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation on clinical outcomes: a U.S. retrospective cohort analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Ahmed Mazen Amin,
  • Rahmah Sameh Shaheen,
  • Wafaa Shehada,
  • Basel Abdelazeem,
  • Ruby Havistin,
  • John N. Catanzaro,
  • Nicholas Y. Tan,
  • Justin Z. Lee,
  • Abhishek J. Deshmukh,
  • Christopher V. DeSimone

摘要

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and anemia often coexist and are both associated with increased all-cause mortality. However, the impact of anemia on clinical outcomes in patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation remains unclear.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis using the TriNetX database, covering the period from January 2016 to December 2022. Patients aged 18 years or older with AF undergoing their first catheter ablation were included. We performed a comparative analysis of patients with anemia versus those without. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) (1:1) was employed based on all baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was the recurrence of AF after a three-month blanking period over a three-year follow-up.

Results

We included 28,064 patients who underwent their first catheter ablation, of whom 18,297 were males, and 9,767 were females. Among them, 2,315 males were anemic, and 1,441 females were anemic. PSM resulted in 2,033 male patients in each cohort and 1,338 female patients in each cohort. In the male group, anemia was significantly associated with a higher risk of AF recurrence (HR: 1.159, 95% CI [1.056, 1.273], p = 0.002), with no significant difference in the female group (HR: 1.104, 95% CI [0.985, 1.238], p = 0.089).

Conclusion

Our study suggests that anemia was significantly associated with a higher risk of AF recurrence in males, with no significant difference in females. In both males and females, anemia was significantly associated with increased risks of acute heart failure, bleeding, acute kidney injury, hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality.

Graphical Abstract