Evaluation of pulsed field ablation lesion characteristics using an in vitro vegetable model

期刊论文
发表日期：

2024年8月18日

查看全文

Nathaniel A. Steiger,
Logan McClennen,
Justin Bilenker,
Carlos Patino,
Carlos D. Matos,
Katherine M. Sauer,
Carolina Hoyas,
Usha B. Tedrow,
Paul C. Zei,
Jorge E. Romero,
William H. Sauer

摘要

Background

In vitro models to evaluate cardiac pulsed field ablation (PFA) have not been well established. We sought to create a standardized vegetable model and staining protocol for assessing unipolar PFA using a surface electrode.

Methods

We exposed potato slabs to unipolar PFA in a saline bath using a 3.5 mm electrode catheter and grounding pad connected to a custom-built high-voltage generator. Lesions were clearly visualized after staining with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) using a timed protocol to reveal a necrotic center and a periphery of electroporated cells with intact mitochondria.

Results

Lesion volume increased linearly with increasing voltage and logarithmically with repetitive PFA applications.

Conclusion

The findings observed in this vegetable model using a TTC staining protocol are consistent with findings observed with cardiomyocytes.

Graphical Abstract