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<p>Lead-free ceramics combining high energy storage performance and strain property are urgently required for modern electronic, power systems and actuation devices. In this study, 0.75Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>Ti<sub>(1-<i>x)</i></sub>Nb<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub>-0.25SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (denoted as 075NBT-0.25ST-<i>x</i>Nb) ceramics were synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction method. The Nb<sup>5+</sup> was introduced into the MPB composition 0.75NBT-0.25ST lead-free ceramic to reduce the grain size, decrease the oxygen vacancy concentration, and facilitates the formation of polar nanoregions (PNRS). These modifications contribute to improving the electrical breakdown strength (<i>E</i><sub>b</sub>) and <i>η</i>. Consequently, a high recoverable energy density of 1.47&#xa0;J/cm<sup>3</sup> with a prominent efficiency of 81.8% is achieved under a moderate electric field of 100&#xa0;kV/cm at <i>x</i> = 2.5%. Furthermore, a large strain of 0.36% accompanied by a low hysteresis of 36% is obtained at <i>x</i> = 1.0%, which is attributed to the electric field-induced relaxor-to-ferroelectric (RE-FE) phase transition. These results demonstrate that the effective chemical modifier in the MPB composition renders NBT-ST ceramics promising candidates for high-performance actuators and energy storage applications.</p>

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High energy storage density and large strain in Nb-doped Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrTiO3 ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Wei Xu,
  • Jiayi Zhao,
  • Li Tan,
  • W.P. Cao

摘要

Lead-free ceramics combining high energy storage performance and strain property are urgently required for modern electronic, power systems and actuation devices. In this study, 0.75Bi0.5Na0.5Ti(1-x)NbxO3-0.25SrTiO3 (denoted as 075NBT-0.25ST-xNb) ceramics were synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction method. The Nb5+ was introduced into the MPB composition 0.75NBT-0.25ST lead-free ceramic to reduce the grain size, decrease the oxygen vacancy concentration, and facilitates the formation of polar nanoregions (PNRS). These modifications contribute to improving the electrical breakdown strength (Eb) and η. Consequently, a high recoverable energy density of 1.47 J/cm3 with a prominent efficiency of 81.8% is achieved under a moderate electric field of 100 kV/cm at x = 2.5%. Furthermore, a large strain of 0.36% accompanied by a low hysteresis of 36% is obtained at x = 1.0%, which is attributed to the electric field-induced relaxor-to-ferroelectric (RE-FE) phase transition. These results demonstrate that the effective chemical modifier in the MPB composition renders NBT-ST ceramics promising candidates for high-performance actuators and energy storage applications.