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<p>In this study, we report the vibrational, magnetic, and electrochemical properties of bismuth-substituted V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> compounds (V<sub>2−<i>x</i></sub>Bi<sub>2<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>5−<i>δ</i></sub>, <i>x</i> = 0.01–0.04) synthesized via the solid-state reaction route. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed successful Bi<sup>3+</sup> incorporation by identifying characteristic V-O and Bi-O-V vibrational modes, demonstrating structural modification of the V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> lattice. VSM measurements showed composition-dependent weak ferromagnetism, with saturation magnetisation increasing from 0.137 to 0.186 emu/g as <i>x</i> increased from 0.01 to 0.04. Modified Langevin analysis isolated intrinsic ferromagnetism from the diamagnetic background, signifying that Bi substitution modulates the electronic structure of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and contributes to the magnetic response. Electrochemical characterisation revealed <i>b</i>-values ranging from 0.421 to 0.692, indicating the coexistence of surface-controlled and diffusion-controlled charge storage mechanisms. The composition with <i>x</i> = 0.04 achieved a maximum specific capacitance of 263&#xa0;F/g at a current density of 0.5&#xa0;A/g and maintained 94% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles. These findings validate V<sub>2−<i>x</i></sub>Bi<sub>2<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>5−<i>δ</i></sub> as a versatile multifunctional material for supercapacitor electrodes and spintronic applications.</p>

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Investigations of complex derivatives of vanadium pentoxide with diverse physical properties for various technological applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • K. Safna,
  • Peediyekkal Jayaram

摘要

In this study, we report the vibrational, magnetic, and electrochemical properties of bismuth-substituted V2O5 compounds (V2−xBi2xO5−δ, x = 0.01–0.04) synthesized via the solid-state reaction route. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed successful Bi3+ incorporation by identifying characteristic V-O and Bi-O-V vibrational modes, demonstrating structural modification of the V2O5 lattice. VSM measurements showed composition-dependent weak ferromagnetism, with saturation magnetisation increasing from 0.137 to 0.186 emu/g as x increased from 0.01 to 0.04. Modified Langevin analysis isolated intrinsic ferromagnetism from the diamagnetic background, signifying that Bi substitution modulates the electronic structure of V2O5 and contributes to the magnetic response. Electrochemical characterisation revealed b-values ranging from 0.421 to 0.692, indicating the coexistence of surface-controlled and diffusion-controlled charge storage mechanisms. The composition with x = 0.04 achieved a maximum specific capacitance of 263 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g and maintained 94% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles. These findings validate V2−xBi2xO5−δ as a versatile multifunctional material for supercapacitor electrodes and spintronic applications.