<p>A Additive manufacturing of ceramics enables the fabrication of components with complex geometries, leveraging ceramics’ inherent thermal, mechanical, and chemical resilience. Among AM techniques, material extrusion is widely adopted for dense ceramic fabrication due to its simplicity, adaptability, and minimal material waste. However, its application in energy-related domains remains constrained by challenges in ink formulation and post-processing. This review provides a focused and comparative analysis of extrusion-based approaches, with particular emphasis on piezoelectric applications, integrating material design, process optimization, microstructure evolution, and functional performance within a unified framework. It examines recent advances in material extrusion for ceramics, highlighting the role of ink rheology, chemical composition, and stability in achieving printability and structural integrity. Key challenges include optimizing viscosity while preserving shape fidelity during drying, debinding, and sintering. Despite progress in post-processing, non-uniform densification, microstructural defects, and compromised functional performance persist. By linking ink formulation, process parameters, and post-treatment strategies to electromechanical performance and application demands, this review defines targeted research priorities for extrusion-based electroceramics. Addressing these barriers is essential to enable scalable, high-performance piezoelectric systems for energy harvesting, sensing, actuation, and next-generation multifunctional applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>