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<p>Manganese oxide (Mn₃O₄) nanoparticles were synthesized via a modified acetate precursor-based sol-gel technique. X-ray Diffraction confirmed the formation of single phase a spinel-type tetragonal hausmannite phase with nanocrystalline features .The average crystallite size 14.80&#xa0;nm was estimated using the Debye-Scherrer equation. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy revealed nearly spherical nanoparticles with distinct lattice fringes and polycrystalline nature was further corroborated by selected area diffraction pattern. The dielectric, AC conductivity, impedance and electrical modulus properties were systematically investigated over a broad frequency and temperature range .the observed dielectric response at ( 10&#xa0;kHz – 2&#xa0;MHz, 25–300&#xa0;C ) was strongly governed by interfacial polarization, grain and grain boundary contributions and structural defects .AC conductivity followed Jonhscer’s power law (<i>n</i> &lt; 1 ) indicating a correlated barrier hopping mechanism for charge transport .impedance analysis demonstrated negative temperature coefficient of resistance behavior, consistent with semiconducting characteristics, while modulus studied confirmed non-debye type relaxation dynamics .the enhanced dielectric response, thermally activated conductivity and stable relaxation properties make these for use in high performance capacitors and energy storage devices their semiconducting nature and tunable transport characteristics further open the prospects for nanoelectronics components, sensors and next generation multifunctional dielectric material.</p>

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Dielectric and conductivity response of Sol-Gel derived Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles to frequency and temperature variations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Sangita Chavda,
  • Payal Joshi,
  • H. M. Oza,
  • V. R. Chandegara,
  • Jashandeep Singh,
  • P. S. Solanki,
  • Davit Dhruv,
  • D. D. Pandya,
  • A. D. Joshi,
  • N. A. Shah,
  • R. K. Trivedi

摘要

Manganese oxide (Mn₃O₄) nanoparticles were synthesized via a modified acetate precursor-based sol-gel technique. X-ray Diffraction confirmed the formation of single phase a spinel-type tetragonal hausmannite phase with nanocrystalline features .The average crystallite size 14.80 nm was estimated using the Debye-Scherrer equation. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy revealed nearly spherical nanoparticles with distinct lattice fringes and polycrystalline nature was further corroborated by selected area diffraction pattern. The dielectric, AC conductivity, impedance and electrical modulus properties were systematically investigated over a broad frequency and temperature range .the observed dielectric response at ( 10 kHz – 2 MHz, 25–300 C ) was strongly governed by interfacial polarization, grain and grain boundary contributions and structural defects .AC conductivity followed Jonhscer’s power law (n < 1 ) indicating a correlated barrier hopping mechanism for charge transport .impedance analysis demonstrated negative temperature coefficient of resistance behavior, consistent with semiconducting characteristics, while modulus studied confirmed non-debye type relaxation dynamics .the enhanced dielectric response, thermally activated conductivity and stable relaxation properties make these for use in high performance capacitors and energy storage devices their semiconducting nature and tunable transport characteristics further open the prospects for nanoelectronics components, sensors and next generation multifunctional dielectric material.