Associations Between Helicopter Parenting and Academic Outcomes: The Role of Entitlement
摘要
Helicopter parenting can detrimentally impact college student outcomes. This study examined whether two forms of entitlement (psychological and academic) explained associations between helicopter parenting and academic well-being and school engagement in two samples of college students. Data was collected from 638 students prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (Study 1) and 637 students after universities resumed in-person classes after the onset of the pandemic (Study 2) and analyzed separately. In both studies, helicopter parenting was negatively associated with academic well-being and school engagement through academic entitlement (externalized responsibility). Differences between studies emerged such that helicopter parenting was associated with academic-related outcomes through both psychological entitlement and academic entitlement (entitled expectations) only in the post-onset of COVID-19 sample. Psychological entitlement was associated with better academic well-being and school engagement in models, contrary to hypotheses. We suggest ways these findings can be incorporated into interventions designed to address helicopter parenting and support college students.