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<p>This study aims to investigate the performance of CdTe and CIGS thin film solar cells using atmospheric conditions (temperature: 17.3–39.3 °C; mean 27.3 °C; relative humidity: 21–94%; mean 58.1%; cloudiness) and spectral data in the range of 300–900 nm measured at 08:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00 and 18:00 every day during June. The efficiency values ranged between 2.55−16.87% for CdTe cells and 7.19−16.48% for CIGS cells. During the day, the lowest efficiencies were measured at 08:00 am, under high humidity and low irradiance, with an average of 5.28% (CdTe) and 8.94% (CIGS), respectively. At 13:00, when the spectral intensity reached its maximum, the CdTe efficiency increased to an average of 12.95% and the CIGS efficiency to an average of 13.87%. At 15:00, the temperature averaged at 33.8 °C, CdTe was 11.27% and CIGS 12.74%; at 18:00, with decreasing irradiance and increasing cloudiness, CdTe was 8.26% and CIGS 10.80%. At 13:00 on 12 June, it increased to 16.87% and 16.48%. The average temperature at 13&#xa0;h and 15&#xa0;h was 31.9 °C and 34.1 °C, respectively. The average temperature jump of 6.5 percent reduced the efficiencies of CdTe and CIGS-based solar cells by 12.97% and 8.14%, respectively. Correlation analyses revealed correlations between temperature and efficiency and between humidity and efficiency. The correlation between CdTe and CIGS efficiencies is high (r=0.996, p&lt;0.001). Both cell types respond similarly to environmental variables. One-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of cloudiness on both cell efficiencies (p&lt;0.001), while two-way ANOVA revealed independent effects of both time and cloudiness. A comparative study of the efficiencies of CdTe- and CIGS-based thin film solar cells under varying environmental conditions (time of day, temperature, humidity and cloudiness) showed that CdTe cells maintained their performance at high temperature and steep sun angles, while CIGS cells maintained their performance at low irradiance and high relative humidity. The highest efficiency values recorded during the peak hours of the day (11:00-15:00) were confirmed to be in line with the standard AM1.5G reference conditions. The development of optimisation strategies based on regional climate data can improve solar energy efficiency and reliability.</p>

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Multivariate comparison of CdTe- and CIGS-based thin-film solar cell efficiencies under intraday temperature, humidity, and cloudiness conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月2日

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  • Mehmet Fatih Gözükızıl

摘要

This study aims to investigate the performance of CdTe and CIGS thin film solar cells using atmospheric conditions (temperature: 17.3–39.3 °C; mean 27.3 °C; relative humidity: 21–94%; mean 58.1%; cloudiness) and spectral data in the range of 300–900 nm measured at 08:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00 and 18:00 every day during June. The efficiency values ranged between 2.55−16.87% for CdTe cells and 7.19−16.48% for CIGS cells. During the day, the lowest efficiencies were measured at 08:00 am, under high humidity and low irradiance, with an average of 5.28% (CdTe) and 8.94% (CIGS), respectively. At 13:00, when the spectral intensity reached its maximum, the CdTe efficiency increased to an average of 12.95% and the CIGS efficiency to an average of 13.87%. At 15:00, the temperature averaged at 33.8 °C, CdTe was 11.27% and CIGS 12.74%; at 18:00, with decreasing irradiance and increasing cloudiness, CdTe was 8.26% and CIGS 10.80%. At 13:00 on 12 June, it increased to 16.87% and 16.48%. The average temperature at 13 h and 15 h was 31.9 °C and 34.1 °C, respectively. The average temperature jump of 6.5 percent reduced the efficiencies of CdTe and CIGS-based solar cells by 12.97% and 8.14%, respectively. Correlation analyses revealed correlations between temperature and efficiency and between humidity and efficiency. The correlation between CdTe and CIGS efficiencies is high (r=0.996, p<0.001). Both cell types respond similarly to environmental variables. One-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of cloudiness on both cell efficiencies (p<0.001), while two-way ANOVA revealed independent effects of both time and cloudiness. A comparative study of the efficiencies of CdTe- and CIGS-based thin film solar cells under varying environmental conditions (time of day, temperature, humidity and cloudiness) showed that CdTe cells maintained their performance at high temperature and steep sun angles, while CIGS cells maintained their performance at low irradiance and high relative humidity. The highest efficiency values recorded during the peak hours of the day (11:00-15:00) were confirmed to be in line with the standard AM1.5G reference conditions. The development of optimisation strategies based on regional climate data can improve solar energy efficiency and reliability.