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<p>The substitution of Pb by mixed Sn–Ge in perovskite materials has shown enhanced structural stability, due to the formation of a thin superficial layer of germanium oxide which effectively shielding the inner atoms, boosting thermal stability and relieving lead toxicity. A theoretical analysis of stable mixed Sn–Ge perovskites, specifically MA(Sn<sub>0.5</sub>Ge<sub>0.5</sub>)I<sub>3</sub>, Cs(Sn<sub>0.5</sub>Ge<sub>0.5</sub>)I<sub>3</sub>, and Rb(Sn<sub>0.5</sub>Ge<sub>0.5</sub>)I<sub>3</sub> is presented in context of space, terrestrial, and indoor conditions. Initially, mixed Sn–Ge perovskite viability is probed in terms of optical properties and material suitability for light-to-electricity conversion. A comparative analysis of power conversion efficiency, achievable output power under AM0 (space), AM1.5G (terrestrial), and CFL (indoor) is undertook. Finally manuscript summarizes the available incident illuminations, the extent of their dissipation in the device as (spectrum and radiative losses) and the remaining fraction as output electrical power. Simulation results substantiate pragmatic prospects of mixed Sn–Ge in perovskite for light to electricity conversion applications.</p>

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Lead-free, stable, mixed SnGe perovskites for light to electricity conversion applications in indoor and space conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月20日

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  • Dhonvan Srinu,
  • Atul Kumar

摘要

The substitution of Pb by mixed Sn–Ge in perovskite materials has shown enhanced structural stability, due to the formation of a thin superficial layer of germanium oxide which effectively shielding the inner atoms, boosting thermal stability and relieving lead toxicity. A theoretical analysis of stable mixed Sn–Ge perovskites, specifically MA(Sn0.5Ge0.5)I3, Cs(Sn0.5Ge0.5)I3, and Rb(Sn0.5Ge0.5)I3 is presented in context of space, terrestrial, and indoor conditions. Initially, mixed Sn–Ge perovskite viability is probed in terms of optical properties and material suitability for light-to-electricity conversion. A comparative analysis of power conversion efficiency, achievable output power under AM0 (space), AM1.5G (terrestrial), and CFL (indoor) is undertook. Finally manuscript summarizes the available incident illuminations, the extent of their dissipation in the device as (spectrum and radiative losses) and the remaining fraction as output electrical power. Simulation results substantiate pragmatic prospects of mixed Sn–Ge in perovskite for light to electricity conversion applications.