Design and analysis of a highly efficient 2D/3D bilayer-based perovskite solar cell

Despite significant development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the last few years, several issues need to be addressed for commercialization. The fabrication of a 2-dimensional/3-dimensional (2D/3D) perovskite layer as the light absorbing layer has recently come up as one of the most efficient methods to overcome this barrier without compromising the physical functionality of the device. Additionally, the inverted p–i–n configuration of2D/3D bilayer PSCs has caught lots of attention in the recent years owing to low-cost, low-temperature growth process and inhibited hysteresis properties. In this study, we introduce an inverted 2D/3D bilayer PSC with a novel configuration of FTO/NiO_x/BA₂MA₃Pb₄I₁₃/MAPbI₃/C60/Au and computationally study the parameters that affect the performance of the modeled device. Considerable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 28.24% was achieved after optimizing the performance.