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Purpose <p>To assess United States (US) reproductive-aged adults’ willingness to pay for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and determine socio-demographic factors associated with their willingness to pay.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a cross-sectional survey of reproductive-aged adults (18–50&#xa0;years old) to ask respondents demographic and reproductive health questions, including the US dollar amount they would be willing to pay out-of-pocket for IVF over a 12-month period. We used linear regression models to determine associations between socio-demographic factors and respondents’ willingness to pay for IVF.</p> Results <p>There were 2,035 survey respondents from 49 states and the District of Columbia. 43.6% were female assigned at birth, 81.7% were heterosexual, 42.6% were married, and 7.2% of respondents reported having infertility. 66% (<i>n</i> = 1,353) of respondents were willing to pay a non-zero amount for IVF, with a median willingness to pay of $5,000. Annual household incomes between $121,000 and $199,000 (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and greater than $200,000 (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and familiarity with IVF treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were associated with a higher willingness to pay. Among infertile respondents (<i>n</i> = 133), the median willingness to pay was also $5,000 and familiarity with IVF (<i>p</i> = 0.04) was associated with a higher willingness to pay.</p> Conclusion <p>We found a median willingness to pay for IVF of $5,000 among respondents, which is one-third of the average out-of-pocket cost of one IVF cycle in the US (~ $15,000). These findings highlight the need for policymakers and clinicians to advocate for expanded health insurance coverage for IVF to align with reproductive-aged adults’ willingness to pay and address barriers accessing infertility services.</p>

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Willingness to pay for in vitro fertilization: results from a national sample of reproductive-aged adults in the US

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月4日

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  • Sitara Murali,
  • David Suh,
  • S. Sriram,
  • Anna Kirkland,
  • James M. Dupree

摘要

Purpose

To assess United States (US) reproductive-aged adults’ willingness to pay for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and determine socio-demographic factors associated with their willingness to pay.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of reproductive-aged adults (18–50 years old) to ask respondents demographic and reproductive health questions, including the US dollar amount they would be willing to pay out-of-pocket for IVF over a 12-month period. We used linear regression models to determine associations between socio-demographic factors and respondents’ willingness to pay for IVF.

Results

There were 2,035 survey respondents from 49 states and the District of Columbia. 43.6% were female assigned at birth, 81.7% were heterosexual, 42.6% were married, and 7.2% of respondents reported having infertility. 66% (n = 1,353) of respondents were willing to pay a non-zero amount for IVF, with a median willingness to pay of $5,000. Annual household incomes between $121,000 and $199,000 (p = 0.003) and greater than $200,000 (p = 0.005) and familiarity with IVF treatment (p < 0.001) were associated with a higher willingness to pay. Among infertile respondents (n = 133), the median willingness to pay was also $5,000 and familiarity with IVF (p = 0.04) was associated with a higher willingness to pay.

Conclusion

We found a median willingness to pay for IVF of $5,000 among respondents, which is one-third of the average out-of-pocket cost of one IVF cycle in the US (~ $15,000). These findings highlight the need for policymakers and clinicians to advocate for expanded health insurance coverage for IVF to align with reproductive-aged adults’ willingness to pay and address barriers accessing infertility services.