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<p>The formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as byproducts during the synthesis of silver nanowires (AgNWs) necessitates accurate quantification of their relative abundances for evaluating practical applications. This study introduces a rapid quantitative approach based on UV-Vis spectral peak deconvolution. By modulating the molecular weight (MW) of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), effective control over the diameter and yield of AgNWs was realized. Experimental results show that low-MW PVP (24 kDa) promotes the formation of short nanorods, intermediate-MW PVP (220 kDa) maximizes the aspect ratio to 370, and high-MW PVP (1300 kDa) reduces it to 310 due to steric hindrance. A novel mixed PVP system (1300 kDa:24 kDa = 2:1) significantly optimizes the nanowire morphology, yielding AgNWs with an aspect ratio of 920. However, competitive adsorption kinetics in this system resulted in a minimum AgNW/AgNP ratio of 0.90. A quantitative model correlating the average diameter of AgNWs with their characteristic UV-Vis absorption peak (370–400 nm) was established, enabling rapid diameter estimation through spectral analysis. Gaussian-Lorentzian hybrid functions were used to deconvolute the plasmon resonance peaks of AgNWs (370–400 nm) and AgNPs (450–500 nm), with the ratio of their peak areas employed to determine the proportion of wire-like products. This method shows strong agreement with SEM statistical results (Pearson coefficient = 0.84, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.75). Without requiring complex separation or machine learning, our approach enables rapid determination of AgNW diameters and yields through UV-Vis spectral deconvolution, providing an efficient and cost-effective solution for optimizing industrial synthesis and quality control.</p>

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Rapid Quantitative Analysis of Silver Nanowire Synthesis Via UV-Vis Spectral Deconvolution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • J. Wang,
  • J. Zuo,
  • L. Ma,
  • Y. Wang,
  • J. Chen,
  • Y. Li,
  • H. Zhang

摘要

The formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as byproducts during the synthesis of silver nanowires (AgNWs) necessitates accurate quantification of their relative abundances for evaluating practical applications. This study introduces a rapid quantitative approach based on UV-Vis spectral peak deconvolution. By modulating the molecular weight (MW) of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), effective control over the diameter and yield of AgNWs was realized. Experimental results show that low-MW PVP (24 kDa) promotes the formation of short nanorods, intermediate-MW PVP (220 kDa) maximizes the aspect ratio to 370, and high-MW PVP (1300 kDa) reduces it to 310 due to steric hindrance. A novel mixed PVP system (1300 kDa:24 kDa = 2:1) significantly optimizes the nanowire morphology, yielding AgNWs with an aspect ratio of 920. However, competitive adsorption kinetics in this system resulted in a minimum AgNW/AgNP ratio of 0.90. A quantitative model correlating the average diameter of AgNWs with their characteristic UV-Vis absorption peak (370–400 nm) was established, enabling rapid diameter estimation through spectral analysis. Gaussian-Lorentzian hybrid functions were used to deconvolute the plasmon resonance peaks of AgNWs (370–400 nm) and AgNPs (450–500 nm), with the ratio of their peak areas employed to determine the proportion of wire-like products. This method shows strong agreement with SEM statistical results (Pearson coefficient = 0.84, R2 = 0.75). Without requiring complex separation or machine learning, our approach enables rapid determination of AgNW diameters and yields through UV-Vis spectral deconvolution, providing an efficient and cost-effective solution for optimizing industrial synthesis and quality control.