Evaluating the Effectiveness of Different Laser Wavelengths for Wind Measurements Using a Fabry–Pérot Interferometer

The atmospheric wind field in the troposphere and stratosphere notably impacts human production and life. The lidar is one of the most effective means of detecting the atmosphere in this region due to its high resolution and sensitivity. To meet this need, aerosol and molecular backscattering signals of different wavelengths were analyzed via lidar technology. The results showed that the 355-nm laser provides an advantage in detecting the atmosphere under clear weather conditions, and the 1064-nm laser achieves superior detection performance under severe haze weather conditions, while the detection performance of the 532-nm laser varies between those of the other lasers. The detection performance of the system was simulated using a 532-nm laser, and the maximum detection height reached 43 km under clear weather conditions and 28 km under polluted weather conditions. This analysis provides support for obtaining atmospheric wind fields in the troposphere and stratosphere under all weather conditions in the future.