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<p>β-Carotene (β-C) is a natural antioxidant agent, but its poor water-solubility, low chemical stability, and limited bioavailability restricts its practical application. In this research, carboxymethyl kappa-carrageenan (CMKC) synthesized from kappa-carrageenan of the red alga <i>Kappaphycus striatus</i> were used to encapsulate β-C. By the ionotropic gelation technique, the optimum β-C encapsulation and loading efficiencies reached were 88.8% and 12.6%, respectively, and the zeta potential of -18.01 ± 0.28&#xa0;mV. The release of β-C was 88.1% at pH 7.4, and only 12.8% at pH 1.2 within 96&#xa0;h incubation. FT-IR spectrum showed the presence of characteristic peak of β-C in CMKC/β-C beads. X-ray diffraction indicated that the β-C was in an amorphous form within the soluble complex. TGA test revealed that CMKC/β-C beads were more thermal stable than CMKC and free β-C. CMKC/β-C beads had the mean microparticle diameters of 986 ± 110&#xa0;μm with a smoother surface without concavities and visible cracks. Antioxidant activity of CMKC/β-C was compared to the antioxidant activity of free β-C. CMKC enhanced the chemical stability of β-C. Therefore, CMKC is a promising biomaterial to promote applications of β-C in functional food system.</p>

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pH-Responsive beads of carboxymethyl kappa-carrageenan for the encapsulation and stabilization of β-carotene

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Le Dinh Hung,
  • Vo Thi Dieu Trang,
  • Hoang Thi Trang Nguyen,
  • Dinh Thanh Trung,
  • Ngo Thi Duy Ngoc,
  • Phan Thi Hoai Trinh

摘要

β-Carotene (β-C) is a natural antioxidant agent, but its poor water-solubility, low chemical stability, and limited bioavailability restricts its practical application. In this research, carboxymethyl kappa-carrageenan (CMKC) synthesized from kappa-carrageenan of the red alga Kappaphycus striatus were used to encapsulate β-C. By the ionotropic gelation technique, the optimum β-C encapsulation and loading efficiencies reached were 88.8% and 12.6%, respectively, and the zeta potential of -18.01 ± 0.28 mV. The release of β-C was 88.1% at pH 7.4, and only 12.8% at pH 1.2 within 96 h incubation. FT-IR spectrum showed the presence of characteristic peak of β-C in CMKC/β-C beads. X-ray diffraction indicated that the β-C was in an amorphous form within the soluble complex. TGA test revealed that CMKC/β-C beads were more thermal stable than CMKC and free β-C. CMKC/β-C beads had the mean microparticle diameters of 986 ± 110 μm with a smoother surface without concavities and visible cracks. Antioxidant activity of CMKC/β-C was compared to the antioxidant activity of free β-C. CMKC enhanced the chemical stability of β-C. Therefore, CMKC is a promising biomaterial to promote applications of β-C in functional food system.