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<p>The invasive brown seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i> represents an ecological challenge in European and Mediterranean coasts. We propose valorizing the biomass collected by incorporating it as a feed ingredient into sustainable aquafeeds. This study evaluated the effects of administering a pulse of biotechnologically treated <i>R. okamurae</i> biomass on muscle composition, gene expression, and intestinal microbiota in the mullet, <i>Chelon labrosus</i>. Commercial-size fish were fed diets containing 0% (control, CT), 5% (R5), or 15% (R15) of <i>R. okamurae</i> algal-treated biomass for 66&#xa0;days. Muscle proximate composition was significantly affected, with increased protein and ash content in fish fed the R5 treatment, alongside reduced lipid levels in both R5 and R15. Notably, fish receiving algal diets exhibited selective retention of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic acid, EPA, and DHA, regardless of the dietary supply. Transcriptional analyses revealed tissue-specific responses: downregulation of <i>igf-1, ferritin</i>, and <i>abcb1</i> in metabolic tissues, upregulation of <i>hif3-α</i> and immune-related genes (<i>mx, tnf-α</i>), and suppression of <i>mhcII</i> expression. Intestinal microbiota analyses showed increased diversity and shifts in posterior taxa, with an enrichment of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and genera such as <i>Aeromonas</i> and <i>Sphingomonas</i>, while overall community structure remained resilient. These findings highlighted biotechnologically-treated <i>R. okamurae</i> biomass as a potential feed ingredient capable of modulating metabolism, immunity, and microbiota. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to refine the optimum dietary level during long-term feeding periods with treated <i>R. okamurae</i>-supplemented feeds.</p>

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Valorisation of Rugulopteryx okamurae as functional ingredient in aquafeeds: effects of a dietary pulse on muscle composition, gene expression, and intestinal microbiota in commercial-size Chelon labrosus

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Daniel Álvarez-Torres,
  • Sonia Cañamero,
  • Alba Galafat,
  • Antonio Vizcaíno,
  • Francisco Javier Alarcón-López,
  • Félix L. Figueroa,
  • Roberto T. Abdala-Díaz,
  • Nathalie Korbee,
  • Jorge García-Márquez,
  • Salvador Arijo

摘要

The invasive brown seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae represents an ecological challenge in European and Mediterranean coasts. We propose valorizing the biomass collected by incorporating it as a feed ingredient into sustainable aquafeeds. This study evaluated the effects of administering a pulse of biotechnologically treated R. okamurae biomass on muscle composition, gene expression, and intestinal microbiota in the mullet, Chelon labrosus. Commercial-size fish were fed diets containing 0% (control, CT), 5% (R5), or 15% (R15) of R. okamurae algal-treated biomass for 66 days. Muscle proximate composition was significantly affected, with increased protein and ash content in fish fed the R5 treatment, alongside reduced lipid levels in both R5 and R15. Notably, fish receiving algal diets exhibited selective retention of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic acid, EPA, and DHA, regardless of the dietary supply. Transcriptional analyses revealed tissue-specific responses: downregulation of igf-1, ferritin, and abcb1 in metabolic tissues, upregulation of hif3-α and immune-related genes (mx, tnf-α), and suppression of mhcII expression. Intestinal microbiota analyses showed increased diversity and shifts in posterior taxa, with an enrichment of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and genera such as Aeromonas and Sphingomonas, while overall community structure remained resilient. These findings highlighted biotechnologically-treated R. okamurae biomass as a potential feed ingredient capable of modulating metabolism, immunity, and microbiota. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to refine the optimum dietary level during long-term feeding periods with treated R. okamurae-supplemented feeds.