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<p><i>Paramecium bursaria</i> harbors several hundred <i>Chlorella</i> spp. in its cytoplasm, forming a symbiotic relationship with them. Although the timing of cell division is synchronous, both organisms can be cultured independently and easily re-establish endosymbiosis with each other, making them attractive model organisms for studying the establishment and maintenance of endosymbiosis. <i>Parachlorella kessleri</i> NIES-2152 has high starch and oil production capacities and their accumulation can be controlled according to culture conditions. Previous studies have shown that some strains of <i>P. kessleri</i> are capable of endosymbiosis with <i>P. bursaria</i>. Therefore, if useful <i>Chlorella</i> strains, such as NIES-2152, can be massively propagated in <i>P. bursaria</i>, it is expected to be a more efficient method for obtaining useful <i>Chlorella</i> resources. In this study, we cultured <i>P. kessleri</i> NIES-2152 on two different media and compared the growth rates, Photosystem II efficiency, accumulation of starch and oil, and percentage of algal infection to aposymbiotic <i>P. bursaria</i>. Algal growth was suppressed in sulfur-deprived TAP (dSTAP) medium, and starch accumulation and subsequent oil production were observed. Photosystem II efficiency was maintained in TAP medium but decreased in dSTAP medium. In the experimental infection, there was no significant difference between the two media, but algae cultured in the dSTAP medium showed a higher percentage of algal infection, suggesting that the accumulation of starch and oil may affect endosymbiosis.&#xa0;<i>Parachlorella&#xa0;kessleri</i> NIES-2152 was maintained for more than 50 days in <i>P. bursaria.</i> To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the long-term stable symbiosis of a useful <i>Chlorella</i> species with <i>P. bursaria</i>.</p>

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Experimental infection of aposymbiotic Paramecium bursaria with starch and oil-producing Parachlorella kessleri

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Ami Bessyo,
  • Ruruna Sada,
  • Yuuki Kodama

摘要

Paramecium bursaria harbors several hundred Chlorella spp. in its cytoplasm, forming a symbiotic relationship with them. Although the timing of cell division is synchronous, both organisms can be cultured independently and easily re-establish endosymbiosis with each other, making them attractive model organisms for studying the establishment and maintenance of endosymbiosis. Parachlorella kessleri NIES-2152 has high starch and oil production capacities and their accumulation can be controlled according to culture conditions. Previous studies have shown that some strains of P. kessleri are capable of endosymbiosis with P. bursaria. Therefore, if useful Chlorella strains, such as NIES-2152, can be massively propagated in P. bursaria, it is expected to be a more efficient method for obtaining useful Chlorella resources. In this study, we cultured P. kessleri NIES-2152 on two different media and compared the growth rates, Photosystem II efficiency, accumulation of starch and oil, and percentage of algal infection to aposymbiotic P. bursaria. Algal growth was suppressed in sulfur-deprived TAP (dSTAP) medium, and starch accumulation and subsequent oil production were observed. Photosystem II efficiency was maintained in TAP medium but decreased in dSTAP medium. In the experimental infection, there was no significant difference between the two media, but algae cultured in the dSTAP medium showed a higher percentage of algal infection, suggesting that the accumulation of starch and oil may affect endosymbiosis. Parachlorella kessleri NIES-2152 was maintained for more than 50 days in P. bursaria. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the long-term stable symbiosis of a useful Chlorella species with P. bursaria.