<p>The current study aimed to explore the cross-cultural differences between childhood trauma, mentalization, and resilience in emerging adults of Pakistan and Türkiye, and explore the mediating effect of mentalization on childhood trauma and resilience in emerging adults. A total of 400 emerging adults (200 Pakistani and 200 Turkish participants) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Mentalization Scale and Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. Findings revealed that the Turkish sample had significantly higher childhood trauma as compared to the Pakistani sample. There was no significant difference in mentalization and resilience between the two samples. Moreover, the results showed that mentalization in both Pakistani and Turkish samples partially mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and resilience in emerging adults. Lastly, the mediating role of mentalization in the relationship between childhood trauma and resilience did not significantly differ between the two samples. The findings shed light on the detrimental effects of childhood trauma on resilience in emerging adults, as well as cross-cultural differences among them in Pakistan and Türkiye.</p>