Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Self-harm in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A Mediation by Resilience
摘要
Existing evidence suggests that resilience may play as a mediator in the association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and self-harm (SH) in youths. However, no published studies have ever thoroughly discussed this topic. We aim to analyze the mediation by resilience in ADHD-SH association by using a large representative sample of Chinese children and adolescents.
MethodA total of 17,151 study subjects chosen from 3 study sites of the ongoing Mental Health Survey for Children and Adolescents in Yunnan (MHSCAY) were included into the final analysis. Valid self-reporting instruments for measuring ADHD symptoms, resilience, and SH among children and adolescents were used for data collection. Based on sequential multivariate logistic regression models fitting results, a series of path models were constructed to estimate the mediation by resilience in ADHD-SH association. Stratified analysis was used to check for possible effect modification by key factors.
ResultsResilience played as a significant mediator, mediated 33.12%, 28.10%, 37.78% of the total associations between ADHD symptoms and SH prevalence, SH repetition, SH severity. The “outer resources” dimensions of resilience, which largely measure social support from parents and peers, presented much stronger mediation. Stratified analysis by age, sex, ethnicity, and left-behind status revealed prominent effect modification by the four factors in mediation of resilience.
ConclusionsResilience-based intervention measures, especially those targeting at rebuilding parental and peer social support, might be effective in preventing ADHD symptoms related SH in Chinese children and adolescents.