Purpose <p>Metaphor comprehension is a critical yet challenging skill for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), particularly in understanding psychological related metaphors. This study aims to address this gap by employing story-based thinking maps intervention to enhance comprehension of both physical and psychological related metaphors in children with ASD.</p> Method <p>Three children with ASD (aged 5–8) participated in this study. A concurrent multiple-probe design across two behaviors (physical and psychological related metaphors) and three participants was used, with baseline, intervention, follow-up, and generalization phases. Intervention involved identifying metaphor elements, shared features, and meanings.</p> Results <p>The results indicated that all participants demonstrated low accuracy during the baseline phase but exhibited similar patterns of improvement during the intervention phase and achieved 100% accuracy. High accuracy rates were maintained during the follow-up and generalization phases.</p> Conclusion <p>The findings suggest that the story-based thinking maps intervention is effective in enhancing metaphor comprehension skills in children with ASD. This study provides valuable insights for designing interventions targeting metaphor comprehension in this population.</p>