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<p>The current longitudinal study examined bidirectional links between harsh parenting (HP) and child externalizing behaviors (EXT) in middle childhood (ages 6–8, 55.7% female, 92% White), with self-regulation (effortful control, working memory, attention regulation) and household chaos as moderators. Data were collected from 174 families across three annual waves, using both maternal reports and observational assessments. Cross-lagged panel analyses revealed bidirectional effects based on observer-reported HP, while maternal reports showed only a child-driven effect (EXT → HP). Moderation analyses indicated that distinct aspects of child-regulation influenced these dynamics in nuanced ways. Effortful control unexpectedly amplified the parent-driven effect (HP → EXT), while working memory buffered the parent effect. Attention regulation strengthened the child-driven effect. Household chaos did not moderate these links. These findings underscore the dual role of self-regulation as both a risk and protective factor, depending on the context and regulatory domain. Results highlight the value of multimethod, multi-informant designs in understanding complex parent-child interactions and suggest that interventions promoting both supportive parenting and child regulatory skills may help mitigate behavioral difficulties during this key developmental stage.</p>

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Child and Household Regulation: Influences on the Bidirectional Link between Harsh Parenting and Behavior Problems in Middle To Late Childhood

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月16日

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  • Yelim Hong,
  • Stephen A. Petrill,
  • Kirby Deater-Deckard

摘要

The current longitudinal study examined bidirectional links between harsh parenting (HP) and child externalizing behaviors (EXT) in middle childhood (ages 6–8, 55.7% female, 92% White), with self-regulation (effortful control, working memory, attention regulation) and household chaos as moderators. Data were collected from 174 families across three annual waves, using both maternal reports and observational assessments. Cross-lagged panel analyses revealed bidirectional effects based on observer-reported HP, while maternal reports showed only a child-driven effect (EXT → HP). Moderation analyses indicated that distinct aspects of child-regulation influenced these dynamics in nuanced ways. Effortful control unexpectedly amplified the parent-driven effect (HP → EXT), while working memory buffered the parent effect. Attention regulation strengthened the child-driven effect. Household chaos did not moderate these links. These findings underscore the dual role of self-regulation as both a risk and protective factor, depending on the context and regulatory domain. Results highlight the value of multimethod, multi-informant designs in understanding complex parent-child interactions and suggest that interventions promoting both supportive parenting and child regulatory skills may help mitigate behavioral difficulties during this key developmental stage.