<p><i>Minkowski rings</i> are certain rings of simple functions on the Euclidean space <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W = {\mathbb {R}}^d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with multiplicative structure derived from Minkowski addition of convex polytopes. When the ring is (finitely) generated by a set <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {P}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">P</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of indicator functions of <i>n</i> polytopes then the ring can be presented as <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\mathbb {C}}}[x_1,\ldots ,x_n]/I\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>…</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi>I</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> when viewed as a <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\mathbb {C}}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-algebra, where <i>I</i> is the ideal describing all the relations implied by identities among Minkowski sums of elements of <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {P}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">P</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We discuss in detail the 1-dimensional case, the <i>d</i>-dimensional box case, and the affine Coxeter arrangement in <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> where the convex sets are formed by closed half-planes with bounding lines making the regular triangular grid in <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We also consider, for a given polytope <i>P</i>, the Minkowski ring <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(M^\pm _F(P)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>M</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>±</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of the collection <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {F}}(P)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of the nonempty faces of <i>P</i> and their multiplicative inverses. Finally, we prove some general properties of identities in the Minkowski ring of <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {F}}(P)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>; in particular, we show that Minkowski rings behave well under Cartesian product, namely that <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(M^\pm _F(P\times Q) \cong M^{\pm }_F(P)\otimes M^{\pm }_F(Q)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>M</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>±</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≅</mo> <msubsup> <mi>M</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>±</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>⊗</mo> <msubsup> <mi>M</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>±</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> as <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\mathbb {C}}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-algebras where <i>P</i> and <i>Q</i> are polytopes.</p>

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Minkowski ideals and rings

  • Geir Agnarsson,
  • Jim Lawrence

摘要

Minkowski rings are certain rings of simple functions on the Euclidean space \(W = {\mathbb {R}}^d\) W = R d with multiplicative structure derived from Minkowski addition of convex polytopes. When the ring is (finitely) generated by a set \({\mathcal {P}}\) P of indicator functions of n polytopes then the ring can be presented as \({{\mathbb {C}}}[x_1,\ldots ,x_n]/I\) C [ x 1 , , x n ] / I when viewed as a \({{\mathbb {C}}}\) C -algebra, where I is the ideal describing all the relations implied by identities among Minkowski sums of elements of \({\mathcal {P}}\) P . We discuss in detail the 1-dimensional case, the d-dimensional box case, and the affine Coxeter arrangement in \({\mathbb {R}}^2\) R 2 where the convex sets are formed by closed half-planes with bounding lines making the regular triangular grid in \({\mathbb {R}}^2\) R 2 . We also consider, for a given polytope P, the Minkowski ring \(M^\pm _F(P)\) M F ± ( P ) of the collection \({\mathcal {F}}(P)\) F ( P ) of the nonempty faces of P and their multiplicative inverses. Finally, we prove some general properties of identities in the Minkowski ring of \({\mathcal {F}}(P)\) F ( P ) ; in particular, we show that Minkowski rings behave well under Cartesian product, namely that \(M^\pm _F(P\times Q) \cong M^{\pm }_F(P)\otimes M^{\pm }_F(Q)\) M F ± ( P × Q ) M F ± ( P ) M F ± ( Q ) as \({{\mathbb {C}}}\) C -algebras where P and Q are polytopes.