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<p>This study investigates how glycerol content affects the physicochemical, structural, and electrochemical aspects of chitosan-dextran-LiClO<sub>4</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite polymer electrolyte. The electrolyte matrix included chitosan (60 wt%), dextran (40 wt%), LiClO<sub>4</sub> salt (36 wt%), and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (3 wt%). Glycerol was used as a plasticizer in varying amounts (9–45 wt%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a consistent decrease in crystallinity from 38.8% to 27.2% with increasing glycerol concentration, suggesting enhanced amorphous-phase formation. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated peak broadening and increased intensity due to hydrogen bond splitting, salt-polymer complexation, enhanced dissociation of LiClO<sub>4</sub>, and interfacial interactions induced by TiO<sub>2</sub>. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed a significant reduction in bulk resistance (<i>R</i><sub>b</sub>) from 123.6 kΩ to 268 Ω and an improvement in DC ionic conductivity from 4.0 × 10<sup>−8</sup> to 2.636 × 10<sup>−5</sup> S/cm. Dielectric investigations revealed that increasing glycerol concentration resulted in higher dielectric constant and loss values due to improved space charge polarization and dipole relaxation. The combination of glycerol plasticization, salt dissociation, and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofiller resulted in a flexible, highly amorphous, and fast-conducting polymer electrolyte ideal for sustainable energy storage applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Hydrogen-bond modulation in chitosan–dextran–LiClO4–TiO2 polymer electrolytes: glycerol-driven amorphization and bulk-resistance collapse

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Pshdar Ahmed Ibrahim,
  • Dlshad Aziz Hamid,
  • Shujahadeen Bakr Aziz,
  • Hazhar Hamad Rasul,
  • Safar Saeed Mohammed,
  • Ibrahim Luqman Salih,
  • Peshawa H. Mahmood,
  • Abubakr Wsu Muhammed,
  • Bala Talib Ali,
  • Peyman Aspoukeh,
  • Hossein Khojasteh,
  • Karukh Ali Babakr,
  • Ibrahim Nazem Qader

摘要

This study investigates how glycerol content affects the physicochemical, structural, and electrochemical aspects of chitosan-dextran-LiClO4-TiO2 nanocomposite polymer electrolyte. The electrolyte matrix included chitosan (60 wt%), dextran (40 wt%), LiClO4 salt (36 wt%), and TiO2 nanoparticles (3 wt%). Glycerol was used as a plasticizer in varying amounts (9–45 wt%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a consistent decrease in crystallinity from 38.8% to 27.2% with increasing glycerol concentration, suggesting enhanced amorphous-phase formation. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated peak broadening and increased intensity due to hydrogen bond splitting, salt-polymer complexation, enhanced dissociation of LiClO4, and interfacial interactions induced by TiO2. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed a significant reduction in bulk resistance (Rb) from 123.6 kΩ to 268 Ω and an improvement in DC ionic conductivity from 4.0 × 10−8 to 2.636 × 10−5 S/cm. Dielectric investigations revealed that increasing glycerol concentration resulted in higher dielectric constant and loss values due to improved space charge polarization and dipole relaxation. The combination of glycerol plasticization, salt dissociation, and TiO2 nanofiller resulted in a flexible, highly amorphous, and fast-conducting polymer electrolyte ideal for sustainable energy storage applications.

Graphical Abstract