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<p>Traditional MFC efficiency was often limited by slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) rates and the high cost of platinum-based catalysts. To address this, a synergistic novel co-polymerized polypyrrole and polyaniline and reduced graphene oxide with a MIL-53(Fe) metal-organic framework (MOF) via in-situ polymerization was synthesized. Comprehensive characterization, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, and Scanning Electron Microscope, confirmed the successful anchoring of rGO and polymers onto the rod-like MOF crystals, which maintained a high specific surface area of 1671&#xa0;m² g<sup>− 1</sup>. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the composite catalyst achieved superior performance, exhibiting the lowest charge transfer resistance (R<sub>ct</sub>=29.14 Ω) and the highest response currents compared to control materials. When implemented in single-chamber air-cathode MFCs, the (PPy-Co-PANI)/rGO/MOF catalyst reached a maximum open circuit voltage rapidly and delivered a peak power density of 1565 mW m<sup>−</sup>³. Furthermore, the system demonstrated exceptional wastewater treatment capabilities, achieving a Chemical Oxygen Demand removal efficiency of 81.79 ± 0.88% and a volumetric treatment rate of 0.258&#xa0;kg COD m<sup>−</sup>³·day. These results highlighted the composite’s potential as a cost-effective, efficient alternative for simultaneous sustainable energy recovery and advanced wastewater treatment.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synergistic carbon polymer modification of iron framework for microbial fuel cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月3日

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  • Alok Kumar Tiwari,
  • Jain Suransh,
  • Vishal Sandhwar,
  • Shivendu Saxena,
  • Diksha Saxena,
  • Dipak A. Jadhav,
  • Vishal Mishra

摘要

Traditional MFC efficiency was often limited by slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) rates and the high cost of platinum-based catalysts. To address this, a synergistic novel co-polymerized polypyrrole and polyaniline and reduced graphene oxide with a MIL-53(Fe) metal-organic framework (MOF) via in-situ polymerization was synthesized. Comprehensive characterization, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, and Scanning Electron Microscope, confirmed the successful anchoring of rGO and polymers onto the rod-like MOF crystals, which maintained a high specific surface area of 1671 m² g− 1. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the composite catalyst achieved superior performance, exhibiting the lowest charge transfer resistance (Rct=29.14 Ω) and the highest response currents compared to control materials. When implemented in single-chamber air-cathode MFCs, the (PPy-Co-PANI)/rGO/MOF catalyst reached a maximum open circuit voltage rapidly and delivered a peak power density of 1565 mW m−³. Furthermore, the system demonstrated exceptional wastewater treatment capabilities, achieving a Chemical Oxygen Demand removal efficiency of 81.79 ± 0.88% and a volumetric treatment rate of 0.258 kg COD m−³·day. These results highlighted the composite’s potential as a cost-effective, efficient alternative for simultaneous sustainable energy recovery and advanced wastewater treatment.

Graphical abstract