3D printing and spray coating for synthesis and sensing electrode fabrication
摘要
In the field of electrochemistry, recent advances in 3D printing have allowed researchers to develop electrodes for a variety of applications, however the preparation of these electrodes typically requires the use of atypical 3D printing materials and activation procedures. This work circumvents these limitations by presenting a simple method for converting non-conductive materials into highly conductive nickel electrodes using commercially available nickel spray-paint. The conductivity and electrochemical performance of these rapidly generated electrodes were found to be far superior to carbon-composite based 3D printed electrodes. The enhanced conductivity of these electrodes was demonstrated through the electrochemical oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid, using the advantages of 3D printing to generate unique geometries and increase the surface area of the electrodes. This nickel-spray paint strategy was then coupled with a 3D printed mask to develop a simple 3-electrode geometry on microscope slides. These glass-supported electrodes were subsequently modified with copper oxide for the non-enzymatic detection of glucose as a proof-of-concept sensor. Coupled with the low cost and wide availability of 3D printing, this rapid metallization method will enable the use of 3D printing in more electrochemical applications.
Graphical abstract