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<p>This study introduced a novel nanoplatform comprising a biomimetic polymer—polynorepinephrine (PNE)—grafted onto magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄), enriched with PAMAM dendrimers and cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) (ChOx-PAMAM G5.0@PNE@Fe₃O₄). The developed system was integrated with the smallest ready-to-use potentiostat and a mobile device, forming a portable analytical tool. The biosensor, designed with these advanced materials, demonstrated suitability for point-of-care diagnostics, offering real-time operation with minimal sample volume requirements while maintaining high sensitivity. The nanomaterial, enriched with PAMAM dendrimers and deposited on a screen-printed electrode (SPE), exhibited excellent cholesterol detection capabilities in human serum, positioning it as a promising tool for point-of-care testing (POCT). The bioinspired nanoplatform was extensively characterized using various techniques. Electrochemical techniques were also employed to evaluate the system’s performance. Electroanalytical studies conducted on SPE/ChOx–PAMAM G5.0@PNE@Fe₃O₄ revealed key biosensor characteristics, including a sensitivity of 1049.92 μA mM⁻<sup>1</sup>&#xa0;cm⁻<sup>2</sup>, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12&#xa0;μM, limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.39&#xa0;μM, and a linear detection range of 0.001–11.0&#xa0;mM. The sensor demonstrated long-term stability, retaining functionality for up to 8&#xa0;months, and showed high selectivity against potential interferences. The proposed system also achieved high recovery rates when applied to cholesterol determination in real samples, underscoring its practical applicability and potential for clinical diagnostics.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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High detectable and low sample volume portable cholesterol biosensor based on PAMAM dendrimers grafted to bioinspired polynorepinephrine nanomaterials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月8日

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  • Artur Jędrzak,
  • Maria Kuznowicz,
  • Katarzyna Hoffa,
  • Teofil Jesionowski

摘要

This study introduced a novel nanoplatform comprising a biomimetic polymer—polynorepinephrine (PNE)—grafted onto magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄), enriched with PAMAM dendrimers and cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) (ChOx-PAMAM G5.0@PNE@Fe₃O₄). The developed system was integrated with the smallest ready-to-use potentiostat and a mobile device, forming a portable analytical tool. The biosensor, designed with these advanced materials, demonstrated suitability for point-of-care diagnostics, offering real-time operation with minimal sample volume requirements while maintaining high sensitivity. The nanomaterial, enriched with PAMAM dendrimers and deposited on a screen-printed electrode (SPE), exhibited excellent cholesterol detection capabilities in human serum, positioning it as a promising tool for point-of-care testing (POCT). The bioinspired nanoplatform was extensively characterized using various techniques. Electrochemical techniques were also employed to evaluate the system’s performance. Electroanalytical studies conducted on SPE/ChOx–PAMAM G5.0@PNE@Fe₃O₄ revealed key biosensor characteristics, including a sensitivity of 1049.92 μA mM⁻1 cm⁻2, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12 μM, limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.39 μM, and a linear detection range of 0.001–11.0 mM. The sensor demonstrated long-term stability, retaining functionality for up to 8 months, and showed high selectivity against potential interferences. The proposed system also achieved high recovery rates when applied to cholesterol determination in real samples, underscoring its practical applicability and potential for clinical diagnostics.

Graphical abstract