Biochemical component analysis of human myopic corneal stroma using the Raman spectrum

This study aimed to measure the Raman spectrum of the human corneal stroma lens obtained from small incision lenticule extraction surgery (SMILE) in Asian myopic eyes using a confocal Raman micro-spectrometer built in the laboratory.

Forty-three myopic patients who underwent SMILE with equivalent diopters between − 4.00 and − 6.00 D were selected, and the right eye data were collected. Corneal stroma lenses were obtained during surgery, and the Raman spectra were measured after air drying. The complete Raman spectrum of human myopic corneal stroma lens tissue was obtained within the range of 700–4000 cm⁻¹.

Thirteen characteristic peaks were found, with the stronger peaks appearing at 937 cm⁻¹, corresponding to proline, valine, and the protein skeleton of the human myopic corneal stroma lens; 1243 cm⁻¹, corresponding to collagen protein; 1448 cm⁻¹, corresponding to the collagen protein and phospholipids; and 2940 cm⁻¹, corresponding to the amino acid and lipids, which was the strongest Raman peak.

These results demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy has much potential as a fast, cost-effective, and reliable diagnostic tool in the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, including myopia, keratoconus, and corneal infection.