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<p>Arthritis is characterized by joint inflammation that can lead to severe bone erosions and affects 0.1 to 2.0% of people globally. People with RA are 1.5 times more likely to develop CVDs including atherosclerosis. The goal of the current investigation was to determine the effect of α-Pinene in FCA induced RA and associated atherosclerosis in rat model. In an experimental model of 23 days, 0.15mL FCA was administered for RA induction. Treatment drug α-Pinene was administered in different doses (25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg) and a standard methotrexate (0.75mg/kg). Parameters like body weight, paw thickness, arthritic scoring, joint stiffness, hematological, serological, biochemical and inflammatory markers (DDAH, CST, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) were analyzed. The results showed that treatment with α-Pinene, especially its combination with MSTD significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.001</i>) ameliorates body weight, paw thickness, arthritic scoring, joint stiffness, hematological, lipid profile, and restored the endogenous anti-oxidant (SOD, CAT, GSH, MDA and Nitrite) activities. α-PNHD + MSTD also significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.001</i>) reduced ADMA, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and increased DDAH or CST expression. Histopathological analysis showed that α-PNHD + MSTD significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.001</i>) alleviated bone and cartilage erosion, pannus formation, synovial hyperplasia and vascular congestion. Thus, α-Pinene’s anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties suggests its therapeutic effectiveness in RA and its associated risk of atherosclerosis. Its combination with MSTD suggests promising therapeutic profile and warrants for further research and development in the field of rheumatology.</p>

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α-Pinene alleviates inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in freund’s complete adjuvant induced arthritic rat model and associated risk factors of atherosclerosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Khadija Ali,
  • Iqral,
  • Ali Sharif,
  • Bushra Akhtar,
  • Ayesha Younas,
  • Muhammad Ali,
  • Muhammad Furqan Akhtar,
  • Muhammad Imran Khan,
  • Ahmed Al-Harrasi,
  • Aftab Ahmad

摘要

Arthritis is characterized by joint inflammation that can lead to severe bone erosions and affects 0.1 to 2.0% of people globally. People with RA are 1.5 times more likely to develop CVDs including atherosclerosis. The goal of the current investigation was to determine the effect of α-Pinene in FCA induced RA and associated atherosclerosis in rat model. In an experimental model of 23 days, 0.15mL FCA was administered for RA induction. Treatment drug α-Pinene was administered in different doses (25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg) and a standard methotrexate (0.75mg/kg). Parameters like body weight, paw thickness, arthritic scoring, joint stiffness, hematological, serological, biochemical and inflammatory markers (DDAH, CST, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) were analyzed. The results showed that treatment with α-Pinene, especially its combination with MSTD significantly (p < 0.001) ameliorates body weight, paw thickness, arthritic scoring, joint stiffness, hematological, lipid profile, and restored the endogenous anti-oxidant (SOD, CAT, GSH, MDA and Nitrite) activities. α-PNHD + MSTD also significantly (p < 0.001) reduced ADMA, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and increased DDAH or CST expression. Histopathological analysis showed that α-PNHD + MSTD significantly (p < 0.001) alleviated bone and cartilage erosion, pannus formation, synovial hyperplasia and vascular congestion. Thus, α-Pinene’s anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties suggests its therapeutic effectiveness in RA and its associated risk of atherosclerosis. Its combination with MSTD suggests promising therapeutic profile and warrants for further research and development in the field of rheumatology.