<p>Manipravalam, the hybrid language that combines Tamil and Sanskrit, has been central to the theological and social expressions of the Śrīvaiṣṇavas community since the twelfth century. However, scholarly focus has largely confined its study to the medieval commentarial tradition from the twelfth to the fourteenth centuries, framing Manipravalam as a historically bounded and fossilized language. This historiographical tendency parallels Sheldon Pollock’s (2006) argument about the “death” of Sanskrit—its transformation into a denaturalized, static medium devoid of modern activity or creative vitality. This special issue seeks to complicate and revise this narrative by foregrounding the continued production of Śrīvaiṣṇavas Manipravalam texts well into the twentieth century and beyond. It argues that Manipravalam has remained a living linguistic and literary tradition, actively sustaining and reshaping Śrīvaiṣṇavas theological and social identities during both colonial and postcolonial periods. By examining these underexplored modern texts in Manipravalam, this issue presents the language as a dynamic medium of cultural and religious continuity as well as innovation within the Śrīvaiṣṇavas tradition.</p>