Equivalent Layer and Single Layer Approaches to Modeling of Toroidal Sandwich Shells Using Carrera Unified Formulation*
摘要
Higher order equivalent layer and layer-wise models of elastic composite sandwich toroidal shells are developed using the Unified Carrera Formulation. Also, axisymmetric shell fixed at the ends is considered in detail. Numerical calculations are performed using the computer algebra software Mathematica 14.0. The results of calculation can be used as benchmark examples for finite element analysis of higher order composite sandwich toroidal shells.