<p>In this article, we initially define an <i>R</i>-matrix with rank 9. Through the application of the "quantum group relation", we derive a <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Z}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-graded quantum group, denoted by <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="78" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\widetilde{GL}_q(1|1|1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">GL</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">~</mo> </mover> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, representing the group of <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="39" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(3\times 3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> matrices. By introducing a <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Z}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-graded quantum space, denoted by <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="37" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\widetilde{\mathbb {C}}_q^{1|1|1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> <mo stretchy="false">~</mo> </mover> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, along with its exterior algebra, we formulate two <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Z}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-graded differential calculi which are covariant with respect to the <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Z}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-graded Hopf algebra of functions on the <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Z}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-graded quantum group <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10773_2025_5947_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="78" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\widetilde{GL}_q(1|1|1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">GL</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">~</mo> </mover> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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A New \(\mathbb {Z}_3\)-Graded Quantum Space And Its Geometry

  • Sultan A. Çelik,
  • Ayse Peker-Dobie,
  • Fatma Bulut,
  • İlknur Temli

摘要

In this article, we initially define an R-matrix with rank 9. Through the application of the "quantum group relation", we derive a \(\mathbb {Z}_3\) Z 3 -graded quantum group, denoted by \(\widetilde{GL}_q(1|1|1)\) GL ~ q ( 1 | 1 | 1 ) , representing the group of \(3\times 3\) 3 × 3 matrices. By introducing a \(\mathbb {Z}_3\) Z 3 -graded quantum space, denoted by \(\widetilde{\mathbb {C}}_q^{1|1|1}\) C ~ q 1 | 1 | 1 , along with its exterior algebra, we formulate two \(\mathbb {Z}_3\) Z 3 -graded differential calculi which are covariant with respect to the \(\mathbb {Z}_3\) Z 3 -graded Hopf algebra of functions on the \(\mathbb {Z}_3\) Z 3 -graded quantum group \(\widetilde{GL}_q(1|1|1)\) GL ~ q ( 1 | 1 | 1 ) .