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<p>A high-frequency circuit for a 0.65-THz sheet electron beam (SEB) traveling wave tube (TWT) is proposed, fabricated, and experimentally validated. The high-frequency circuit incorporates a modified-chamfer staggered double grating (MC-SDG) slow wave structure (SWS) and a low-loss pillow-box window. To improve fabrication consistency, rounded corners are introduced into the MC-SDG-SWS. To meet both the low-loss and weld gas-tightness requirements for THz pillbox windows, a novel strategy that integrates over-mode operation with heterogeneous material combinations (HMC) is proposed. Specifically, over-mode operation enables larger component dimensions to minimize insertion losses, while HMC ensures reliable, gas-tight welding. Measurements indicate that the processing deviation between the designed and fabricated dimensions is less than 2 µm. Cold-test results confirm the transmission characteristics of MC-SDG SWSs and the advantages of the low-loss pillbox window. A sheet beam (SB) electron optical system (EOS) with a triple-stage focusing electrode was designed to deliver 25 mA of current and maintain stable beam transmission over a 30 mm distance. Based on these simulations, particle-in-cell (PIC) results predict that, under two different SB-EOS conditions, an output power over 1 W is expected to be achieved in the MC-SDG TWT.</p>

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Design and Analysis of a 0.65-THz Sheet Beam TWT with a Low-Loss Window Based on Heterogeneous Material Combination Strategy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Jingrui Duan,
  • Yuan Zheng,
  • Xiaofan Gui,
  • Zhiyu Chen,
  • Zhigang Lu,
  • Yubin Gong

摘要

A high-frequency circuit for a 0.65-THz sheet electron beam (SEB) traveling wave tube (TWT) is proposed, fabricated, and experimentally validated. The high-frequency circuit incorporates a modified-chamfer staggered double grating (MC-SDG) slow wave structure (SWS) and a low-loss pillow-box window. To improve fabrication consistency, rounded corners are introduced into the MC-SDG-SWS. To meet both the low-loss and weld gas-tightness requirements for THz pillbox windows, a novel strategy that integrates over-mode operation with heterogeneous material combinations (HMC) is proposed. Specifically, over-mode operation enables larger component dimensions to minimize insertion losses, while HMC ensures reliable, gas-tight welding. Measurements indicate that the processing deviation between the designed and fabricated dimensions is less than 2 µm. Cold-test results confirm the transmission characteristics of MC-SDG SWSs and the advantages of the low-loss pillbox window. A sheet beam (SB) electron optical system (EOS) with a triple-stage focusing electrode was designed to deliver 25 mA of current and maintain stable beam transmission over a 30 mm distance. Based on these simulations, particle-in-cell (PIC) results predict that, under two different SB-EOS conditions, an output power over 1 W is expected to be achieved in the MC-SDG TWT.