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<p>Recent systematic metal-detector surveys have recovered unprecedented amounts of well-provenienced sixteenth-century metal artifacts from non-burial contexts in the American Southeast. Compositional analysis via X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) was conducted on two sixteenth-century metal assemblages from Alabama and Mississippi. Evidence suggests these Indigenous towns may have been along the path of the Hernando de Soto entrada (1539–43). The elemental composition of iron objects from these sites distinguishes them from iron of later periods, perhaps including later Spanish entradas. Our results suggest that XRF is a nondestructive and expedient approach for delineating Spanish entradas and identifying the Indigenous towns they encountered.</p>

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Spanish Signatures? XRF Analysis of Iron Artifacts in the American Southeast

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月2日

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  • Lindsay Bloch,
  • Charles R. Cobb,
  • Nicolas Delsol,
  • Gifford J. Waters,
  • Edmond A. Boudreaux III,
  • Chester B. DePratter,
  • Ashley A. Dumas,
  • V. James Knight Jr.,
  • James B. Legg,
  • Brad R. Lieb,
  • Steven D. Smith

摘要

Recent systematic metal-detector surveys have recovered unprecedented amounts of well-provenienced sixteenth-century metal artifacts from non-burial contexts in the American Southeast. Compositional analysis via X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) was conducted on two sixteenth-century metal assemblages from Alabama and Mississippi. Evidence suggests these Indigenous towns may have been along the path of the Hernando de Soto entrada (1539–43). The elemental composition of iron objects from these sites distinguishes them from iron of later periods, perhaps including later Spanish entradas. Our results suggest that XRF is a nondestructive and expedient approach for delineating Spanish entradas and identifying the Indigenous towns they encountered.