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<p>Friction Stir Welding (FSW) employs mechanical plastic and friction deformation to thermally soften the weld material, facilitating mechanical deformation akin to forging and extrusion, hence producing a robust junction. This work presents the application of CRITIC and COCOSO for optimizing parameters of the Submerged Friction Stir Welding (SFSW) method for connecting A319 alloy. The chosen parameters was water head (mm) welding speed (mm/min), and rotational speed (rpm). Experiments was conducted on aluminum alloy utilizing a servo-controlled friction stir welding equipment. The mechanical parameters, specifically percentage of elongation and average hardness, of SFSW joints of A319 aluminium alloy was examined. The ideal conditions for multi-response optimization of elongation percentage and hardness were identified as a water head of 60&#xa0;mm, a rotational speed of 1050&#xa0;rpm, and a welding speed of 45&#xa0;mm/min using the CRITIC–COCOSO approach. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results confirmed the adequacy of a quadratic regression model, enabling prediction of weld responses with a confidence level of 90.5% and revealing that rotational speed and welding speed are the most influential parameters governing the CRITIC–COCOSO performance index. Microstructural attributes of welded zone and base metal, together with grain structure, was examined utilizing SEM.</p>

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Multi-criteria optimization of submerged friction stir welding parameters for A319 alloy using CRITIC and COCOSO methods

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Easwaramoorthi M,
  • Thomas Renald C J,
  • Haridass R,
  • Peddinti Neeraja,
  • Ayanagounder Kumar,
  • Sellamuthu P

摘要

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) employs mechanical plastic and friction deformation to thermally soften the weld material, facilitating mechanical deformation akin to forging and extrusion, hence producing a robust junction. This work presents the application of CRITIC and COCOSO for optimizing parameters of the Submerged Friction Stir Welding (SFSW) method for connecting A319 alloy. The chosen parameters was water head (mm) welding speed (mm/min), and rotational speed (rpm). Experiments was conducted on aluminum alloy utilizing a servo-controlled friction stir welding equipment. The mechanical parameters, specifically percentage of elongation and average hardness, of SFSW joints of A319 aluminium alloy was examined. The ideal conditions for multi-response optimization of elongation percentage and hardness were identified as a water head of 60 mm, a rotational speed of 1050 rpm, and a welding speed of 45 mm/min using the CRITIC–COCOSO approach. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results confirmed the adequacy of a quadratic regression model, enabling prediction of weld responses with a confidence level of 90.5% and revealing that rotational speed and welding speed are the most influential parameters governing the CRITIC–COCOSO performance index. Microstructural attributes of welded zone and base metal, together with grain structure, was examined utilizing SEM.