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<p>The limited strength, stiffness and impact resistance neat polylactic acid (PLA) restrict its wider use at semi-structural applications, particularly where sustainable materials are required. To address this limitation, injection-molded PLA composites reinforced with bamboo microfibers (5–35 wt%) were developed using maleic anhydride–grafted PLA as a coupling agent to enhance interfacial bonding. The composites were fabricated through melt blending in an internal mixer followed by reprocessing and injection molding, and their mechanical performance was evaluated through tensile testing, drop-weight impact testing, impulse excitation, Izod impact testing, and Shore D hardness measurements. Results demonstrate a substantial improvement in mechanical properties with increasing fiber content: tensile strength increased from 14.65&#xa0;MPa for neat PLA to 45.78&#xa0;MPa at 35 wt% bamboo microfiber (≈ 213% improvement), while Young’s modulus increased from 1530&#xa0;MPa to 4400&#xa0;MPa (≈ 188% enhancement). Drop-weight impact test revealed that composites with 10 wt% bamboo microfiber exhibited the highest load-bearing capacity (~ 950&#xa0;N) and favorable energy absorption (~ 2.05&#xa0;J), whereas higher fiber contents showed reduced impact performance due to fiber agglomeration. Shore D hardness increased from 52.4 (PLA) to a maximum of 76.1 at 25 wt% fiber loading, indicating improved surface resistance. These findings confirm that bamboo microfiber-reinforced PLA offer balanced combination of stiffness, strength, and impact resistance, were suitable for uses at packaging materials, biodegradable automotive interior components, lightweight panels, and eco-friendly consumer products.</p>

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Development and characterization of bamboo microfiber-reinforced PLA composites for lightweight and sustainable applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • Laxmi Biran,
  • P. Satishkumar,
  • Harshit P. Bhavsar,
  • H. V. Ganvir,
  • Rajasekaran Saminathan,
  • A. Naseema,
  • Bhoopathy Bhaskaran

摘要

The limited strength, stiffness and impact resistance neat polylactic acid (PLA) restrict its wider use at semi-structural applications, particularly where sustainable materials are required. To address this limitation, injection-molded PLA composites reinforced with bamboo microfibers (5–35 wt%) were developed using maleic anhydride–grafted PLA as a coupling agent to enhance interfacial bonding. The composites were fabricated through melt blending in an internal mixer followed by reprocessing and injection molding, and their mechanical performance was evaluated through tensile testing, drop-weight impact testing, impulse excitation, Izod impact testing, and Shore D hardness measurements. Results demonstrate a substantial improvement in mechanical properties with increasing fiber content: tensile strength increased from 14.65 MPa for neat PLA to 45.78 MPa at 35 wt% bamboo microfiber (≈ 213% improvement), while Young’s modulus increased from 1530 MPa to 4400 MPa (≈ 188% enhancement). Drop-weight impact test revealed that composites with 10 wt% bamboo microfiber exhibited the highest load-bearing capacity (~ 950 N) and favorable energy absorption (~ 2.05 J), whereas higher fiber contents showed reduced impact performance due to fiber agglomeration. Shore D hardness increased from 52.4 (PLA) to a maximum of 76.1 at 25 wt% fiber loading, indicating improved surface resistance. These findings confirm that bamboo microfiber-reinforced PLA offer balanced combination of stiffness, strength, and impact resistance, were suitable for uses at packaging materials, biodegradable automotive interior components, lightweight panels, and eco-friendly consumer products.