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<p>An alternative to traditional synthetic materials, natural fiber-reinforced composites are gaining popularity in response to the growing need for environmentally friendly and energy-efficient construction materials. Sustainable roofing applications are the focus of this work, which aims to produce and characterize hybrid sandwich composites of Bauhinia racemosa bark (BR), Calotropis gigantea (CG), and Grewia tiliifolia (GT) fibers. Compression molding was used to produce the composites, which had a total fiber content of 35 wt% mixed with epoxy resin (65 wt%). The bark fibers of Bauhinia racemosa were used as the skin layers, with Calotropis gigantea and Grewia tiliifolia fibers comprising the core layer in varying proportions (10 wt%). Afterwards the microstructure, chemical composition water absorption, mechanical characteristics were assessed. Then, its thermal, conductivity, thermogravimetric analysis and stability capabilities are also assessed. Results show that the composite with 25 wt% BR, 6.75 wt% GT, and 3.25 wt% CG has a low water absorption rate, a high impact strength of 34.20 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>, a flexural modulus of 3.13 GPa, and a flexural strength of 131.80&#xa0;MPa. The use of Machine Learning techniques, such as ANN for prediction also necessitated a comprehensive statistical evaluation. With robust R<sup>2</sup> ratings of 0.9663, 0.9679, 0.9660, and 0.9996 for FS, FM, IS, and toughness, it precisely determines strengths. Model interaction coefficients close to 1 show strong predictive and correlational power. In contrast, the FTIR spectra show a wide O-H band at approximately 3400&#xa0;cm<sup>− 1</sup>, C-H stretches at around 2900&#xa0;cm-1, C–O vibrations at 1735&#xa0;cm<sup>− 1</sup>, aromatic C–C peaks at 1510&#xa0;cm<sup>− 1</sup>, and C-O-C/C-O-H bands near 1050&#xa0;cm<sup>− 1</sup>, which confirm the presence of the characteristic functional groups and the successful integration of the natural fibers into the crosslinked epoxy matrix. These mixes are lightweight, low cost, environmentally benign, and have excellent thermal insulation and mechanical capabilities, according to the results. This makes them great options for energy-efficient coating and covering applications.</p>

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Development and performance evaluation of hybrid natural fiber sandwich composites for sustainable roofing applications using ann-based prediction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • Sureshkumar V.,
  • Lingeswaran P.,
  • Vasanthakumar R.,
  • Pradeep Kumar M.,
  • Prabhu T.,
  • Girimurugan R.,
  • Kelin S. Johnson

摘要

An alternative to traditional synthetic materials, natural fiber-reinforced composites are gaining popularity in response to the growing need for environmentally friendly and energy-efficient construction materials. Sustainable roofing applications are the focus of this work, which aims to produce and characterize hybrid sandwich composites of Bauhinia racemosa bark (BR), Calotropis gigantea (CG), and Grewia tiliifolia (GT) fibers. Compression molding was used to produce the composites, which had a total fiber content of 35 wt% mixed with epoxy resin (65 wt%). The bark fibers of Bauhinia racemosa were used as the skin layers, with Calotropis gigantea and Grewia tiliifolia fibers comprising the core layer in varying proportions (10 wt%). Afterwards the microstructure, chemical composition water absorption, mechanical characteristics were assessed. Then, its thermal, conductivity, thermogravimetric analysis and stability capabilities are also assessed. Results show that the composite with 25 wt% BR, 6.75 wt% GT, and 3.25 wt% CG has a low water absorption rate, a high impact strength of 34.20 kJ/m2, a flexural modulus of 3.13 GPa, and a flexural strength of 131.80 MPa. The use of Machine Learning techniques, such as ANN for prediction also necessitated a comprehensive statistical evaluation. With robust R2 ratings of 0.9663, 0.9679, 0.9660, and 0.9996 for FS, FM, IS, and toughness, it precisely determines strengths. Model interaction coefficients close to 1 show strong predictive and correlational power. In contrast, the FTIR spectra show a wide O-H band at approximately 3400 cm− 1, C-H stretches at around 2900 cm-1, C–O vibrations at 1735 cm− 1, aromatic C–C peaks at 1510 cm− 1, and C-O-C/C-O-H bands near 1050 cm− 1, which confirm the presence of the characteristic functional groups and the successful integration of the natural fibers into the crosslinked epoxy matrix. These mixes are lightweight, low cost, environmentally benign, and have excellent thermal insulation and mechanical capabilities, according to the results. This makes them great options for energy-efficient coating and covering applications.