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<p>Blue hydrogen is currently the most prevalent and economically viable form of low-carbon Hydrogen, playing a pivotal role in the transition toward a cleaner energy ecosystem. It is produced from natural gas via a process called Steam Methane Reforming (SMR), in which methane reacts with steam to yield hydrogen. What distinguishes blue hydrogen from other forms—such as grey or green hydrogen—is the integration of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies during production. In this process, the carbon dioxide (CO₂) generated as a by-product is captured and either stored underground or utilized in industrial applications, thereby significantly reducing the overall carbon footprint. This results in a form of hydrogen with near-zero carbon emissions, aligning with sustainability and decarbonization goals. This study aims to explore advanced blue hydrogen production technologies and delve into the synergy with CCUS systems. It will further analyze the technical viability, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability of blue hydrogen to assess its commercialization potential and its role in enabling a scalable, low-emission hydrogen economy.</p>

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Blue hydrogen: A viable pathway toward a low-carbon future

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月18日

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  • Tatnkam Ernest Jefferson,
  • Sravendra Rana,
  • Nilanjana Banerjee

摘要

Blue hydrogen is currently the most prevalent and economically viable form of low-carbon Hydrogen, playing a pivotal role in the transition toward a cleaner energy ecosystem. It is produced from natural gas via a process called Steam Methane Reforming (SMR), in which methane reacts with steam to yield hydrogen. What distinguishes blue hydrogen from other forms—such as grey or green hydrogen—is the integration of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies during production. In this process, the carbon dioxide (CO₂) generated as a by-product is captured and either stored underground or utilized in industrial applications, thereby significantly reducing the overall carbon footprint. This results in a form of hydrogen with near-zero carbon emissions, aligning with sustainability and decarbonization goals. This study aims to explore advanced blue hydrogen production technologies and delve into the synergy with CCUS systems. It will further analyze the technical viability, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability of blue hydrogen to assess its commercialization potential and its role in enabling a scalable, low-emission hydrogen economy.